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This paper discusses skillful role divisions of coordinated motion between two agents in a crank-rotation task. The roles for coordination, called ??dynamical role division,?? emerge from dynamic interaction between the agents, through which each agent comes to play a specialized role without conscious understanding. This paper also proposes a novel approach to apply this latent skill in coordinated...
Hybrid deliberative-reactive control architectures are a popular and effective approach to the control of robotic navigation applications. However, the design of said architectures is difficult, due to the fundamental differences in the design of the reactive and deliberative layers of the architecture. We propose a novel approach to improving system-level performance of said architectures, by improving...
Skid-steered vehicles are often used as outdoor mobile robots due to their robust mechanical structure and high maneuverability. Sliding along with rolling is inherent to general curvilinear motion, which makes both kinematic and dynamic modeling difficult. For the purpose of motion planning this paper develops and experimentally verifies dynamic models of a skid-steered wheeled vehicle for general...
In this paper, we aim to study and classify gait patterns among flat walking, descending stairs, and ascending stairs using inertial measurement unit (IMU) including triaxial accelerometers and gyroscopes. Six subjects were invited to gather gait data of flat walking, descending stairs, and ascending stairs wearing the shoe-integrated system with free speeds. The design of the classifier for identifying...
A task-priority based framework for multiple tasks of highly redundant robots was derived using the Lagrangian multiplier method. The framework was proved to prioritize a generic number of tasks without algorithmic problems - so called an algorithmic singularity and an algorithmic error. The computational efficiency of the framework excels other conventional task-priority strategies. The efficiency...
This paper presents a method of 3D mapping using a binocular stereo camera with automatic recovery from registration failure. We employ edge points as map element, and apply a variant of ICP algorithm to the inter-frame registration. The method detects failure in the registration due to erratic camera motion or moving objects and recovers from the failure by searching a good image to resume the registration...
This paper investigates the estimation of 3D head poses and its identity authentication using a simple ellipsoid model. To achieve robust motion estimation even under time-varying lighting conditions, we incorporate illumination correction into the conventional 3D model-based tracking framework with a single camera. In addition, by computing the illumination bases online from the registered face images,...
We propose a novel inertial-aided KLT feature tracking method robust to camera ego-motions. The conventional KLT uses images only and its working condition is inherently limited to small appearance change between images. When big optical flows are induced by a camera-ego motion, an inertial sensor attached to the camera can provide a good prediction to preserve the tracking performance. We use a low-grade...
A new noise reduction method suitable for autonomous mobile robots was proposed and applied to preprocessing of a hands-free spoken dialogue system. When a robot talks with a conversational partner in real environments, not only speech utterances by the partner but also various types of noise, such as directional noise, diffuse noise, and noise from the robot, are observed at microphones. We attempted...
Spring drive amplifiers utilize the natural inductive properties of a DC motor to produce stronger position feedback than is achievable with traditional current amplifiers. Impedance-type haptics devices can leverage these amplifiers to render superior contacts with higher contact stiffness. Use of these amplifiers, however, requires the virtual environment to specify motion commands for each motor...
We present a high-speed planning method with compact precomputed search trees using a new pruning method and evaluate the effectiveness and the efficiency of our precomputation planning. Its speed is faster than an A* planner in maps in which the obstacle rate is the same as indoor environments. Precomputed search trees are one way of reducing planning time; however, there is a time-memory trade off...
Highly underactuated and passively adaptive robotic hands have shown great promise for robust performance in unstructured settings. In order to fully realize this potential, efficient tools are needed to analyze the execution of a grasp when using this class of devices. Along this line, this paper introduces a quasistatic analysis method for underactuated hands. First, we predict whether initial contacts...
Scanning laser range sensors (ladars) are frequently used in mobile robotics applications because their ability to accurately measure the environment in 3D makes them well-suited for perception tasks like terrain modeling and obstacle detection. The choice of ladar sensor and the manner in which it is configured and integrated into a robot platform is usually determined subjectively based on the experience...
Traditional legged runners and climbers have relied heavily on gait generators in the form of internal clocks or reference trajectories. In contrast, here we present physical experiments with a fast, dynamical, vertical wall climbing robot accompanying a stability proof for the controller that generates it without any need for an additional internal clock or reference signal. Specifically, we show...
An adaptive control using multiple incremental fuzzy neural networks (FNNs) is proposed for robot manipulators. The structure and parameters of the FNNs are determined dynamically by using an incremental FNN. By incorporating incremental learning and adaptive control with multiple models, the proposed method not only reduces complexity and computation induced by the use of multiple models, but also...
The rapidly increase of personal robotic platforms and their applications in Japan represents a great challenge for universities to introduce undergraduate students the basic knowledge required to develop intelligent automated mechanisms. For this purpose; in this paper, we are presenting our approach to introduce first year undergraduate students of the Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering...
In this paper we present a vibration control scheme for a long-reach inspection arm in an environment as constrained as a fusion reactor. The ultra-high vacuum, the high operating temperature, the significant residual magnetic field and the nuclear activation in ITER will prevent from considering common on-the-shelf dynamics sensors. Therefore we propose to use the already developed rad-hardened viewing...
To grasp a novel object, we can index it into a database of known 3D models and use precomputed grasp data for those models to suggest a new grasp. We refer to this idea as data-driven grasping, and we have previously introduced the Columbia Grasp Database for this purpose. In this paper we demonstrate a data-driven grasp planner that requires only partial 3D data of an object in order to grasp it...
We consider the problem of robotic object detection of such objects as mugs, cups, and staplers in indoor environments. While object detection has made significant progress in recent years, many current approaches involve extremely complex algorithms, and are prohibitively slow when applied to large scale robotic settings. In this paper, we describe an object detection system that is designed to scale...
This paper deals with nonlinear dual mode adaptive control of a redundant manipulator for a pick-and-place scenario with high acceleration (20 G). For performance comparisons, a conventional Proportional-Derivative (PD) controller has also been implemented. In this context, the experimental testbed is not equipped with velocity sensors. Therefore, a high-gain observer has been implemented to estimate...
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