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Two microwave signals of different frequencies are used to directly modulate the top and bottom cavity of a coupled dual-cavity VCSEL. Signal mixing is observed from the laser output which can be engineered by varying the DC biases to the two cavities.
The authors report on strategies to achieve lasing in electrically driven vertical cavity surface emitting lasers at room temperature, namely the improvement of the quality factor of a microcavity suited for electrical injection, the use of a ZnO contact together with a dielectric current confinement layer and oxidized AlInN/GaN distributed Bragg reflectors.
Record fundamental mode output power of 8 mW at 0degC and 6.5 mW at room temperature is achieved with wafer-fused VCSELs incorporating regrown tunnel junction and emitting at the 1550 nm waveband.
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