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The metals contained in various mobile phones were analyzed. More than 20 elements were detected and their net amounts were found to increase year by year. The environmental and economic impacts were assessed based on an elemental analysis. The CO2 emissions generated by the incineration of plastics were estimated to be almost the same as those avoided by recovering the metals. Gold had the biggest...
This paper uses economic value metrics to evaluate the retention of value of secondary materials and provides a framework for characterizing value throughout a material and product life-cycle. These economic value metrics are compared with analogous life cycle assessment metrics in order to determine the conditions under which economic value effectively represents environmental impact for EoL material...
Increasing and expanding electrification has further stimulated debate on the comparative benefits of overhead (OH) versus underground (UG) power distribution. This analysis investigates the distinction in the potential environmental burdens between the full life cycles of OH and UG primary power distribution systems including their installation, maintenance, and decommissioning. The results will...
This paper summarizes recent explorations of the use of lifetime exergy consumption as a thermodynamically based metric for sustainability of information technologies. Other proposed thermodynamic metrics are described and compared with life cycle exergy consumption. The pros and cons of different metrics are discussed, and the advantages of life cycle exergy as a metric for information technologies...
Environmental policy making, green product rating, and marketing activities seem likely to drive the utilization of eco-assessments in the near future. In this paper we show from the example of EuP Preparatory Studies and other policy supporting studies some characteristics of ICT eco-assessments on different economical levels. We argue that the high diversity of individual cases coupled with technology...
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