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A channel waveguide exhibiting internal gain under pumping is fabricated inside erbium doped oxyfluoride-silicate glass using a femtosecond laser. The waveguide cross section and refractive index contrast is controlled using a multi-scan technique.
Imaging Bloch oscillations in curved waveguide arrays, fabricated by femtosecond laser writing in an erbium-doped glass substrate, is reported. The green fluorescence of erbium ions traces the flow of pump light along the array.
We report holographic recording of second harmonic radiations emitted from nanocrystals under femtosecond laser excitation. Our results show great promise of this novel technique to provide four-dimensional images for highly dynamic micro- and nano-systems.
Waveguides were fabricated in fused silica using kHz and MHz repetition rate femtosecond lasers. Raman and fluorescence microscopy showed increases in 3-membered rings for both cases and fewer NBOHC-defects when writing with the MHz laser.
Structural modification in gratings inscribed point-by-point by a femtosecond laser is investigated using quantitative phase microscopy. The gratings present a central region with a depressed refractive index surrounded by an outer corona with increased index.
Ultrafast-laser pulsetrain-burst processing (microsecond bursts at 100 MHz) is an option for fluence-delivery which leads to exceptional characteristics of morphology and processing-rates; we describe the background science and application to mitigation of high-power laser-induced damage.
A femtosecond fiber laser with 1.5-MHz repetition rate was used to write directional couplers inside bulk glasses for the first time in the 1550-nm band. Waveguide losses and coupling strengths are reported for borosilicate glass.
Periodic nanoripples of tungsten on sapphire were grown using linearly-polarized femtosecond laser. The ripple orientation was found parallel to laser polarization. By scanning the substrate, we demonstrated tungsten grating with periodicity around 150 nm.
We report the fabrication of photonic crystals in lithium niobate crystal by using femtosecond laser-induced microexplosion method. Photonic stop gaps with ~30% suppression rate for a 16-layer FCC structure have been observed.
At high repetition rate, nonlinear absorption of tightly-focused femtosecond pulses produces a point-like heat source that can be located inside a transparent material, allowing glass welding with weld lines that are located on internal surfaces.
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