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The TanDEM-X mission [1] comprises two fully active synthetic aperture radar satellites operating in X-band. The primary goal of this mission is the derivation of a high-precision global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) according to HRTI level 3 quality [2]. This requires accurate calibration of the interferometric system parameters. Content of this paper is the development of a general concept for this...
This paper focuses on statistical modeling of water vapor fluctuations for InSAR. The structure function and power spectral density approaches are reviewed, summarizing their assumptions and results. The linking equations between these modeling techniques are reported. A structure function model of zenith tropospheric propagation delay is then derived from a two-regime power spectral density function...
Analysis of L-band polarimetric SAR data has not been extensively carried out for undulating, heterogeneous and fragmented landscapes, where classification can become quite challenging. This paper reports results of a study on the pixel-by- pixel unsupervised classification of very-high resolution polarimetric images by self-organizing neural networks.
Airborne polarimetric and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (Pi-SAR) observation, conducted in the southern Sea of Okhotsk in February 2005, provided the opportunity to validate the retrieval of ice thickness distribution. In conjunction with the airborne SAR observation, in-situ ice thickness and ice- surface roughness measurements were carried out in the same area with ship-borne electromagnetic...
The ONERA RAMSES system is a flexible SAR system in constant evolution, developed mainly as a test bench for new technologies and to provide specific data for TDRI (Target Detection, Recognition and Identification) algorithm evaluation. It is flown on a Transall C160 platform operated by the CEV (Centre d'Essais en Vol). This paper gives an overview of the latest upgrading to acquire large data set...
Radar Polarimetry, Radar Interferometry and Polarimetric SAR Interferometry represent the current culmination in active 'Microwave Remote Sensing' technology, but we still need to progress considerably more in order to reach the limits of physical realizability. Whereas with radar polarimetry the textural fine-structure, target orientation, symmetries and material constituents can be recovered with...
In this work, a preliminary study on the use of polarimetric persistent scatterers for differential interferometric applications within an urban environmental is presented. The PolSAR measurements campaign that the RSLab of UPC is carrying on in the village of Salient using an X-Band ground- based SAR sensor is first described. The work is then focused on the additional information the knowledge of...
In this paper, first compared different receive channel schemes for InSAR application, then the main principal and technique of three practical internal calibration schemes are analyzed and compared, especially the famous SIR-C and X-SAR internal calibration system. Based on these different schemes, a new internal calibration scheme using microwave over fiber link is subscribed.
The Water Elevation Recovery (WatER) satellite mission was recently proposed and supported by a large international scientific community. It is dedicated to the determination of land surface water extent, elevation and slope, and also ocean mesoscale and submesoscale phenomena, using a Ka band Radar Interferometer (KaRIN) as its primary instrument. This instrument is able to provide the appropriate...
An advanced DInSAR technique called Coherent Pixels Technique (CPT) has been used to measure the subsidence existing in Orihuela city (Spain) during the period 1993-2001 due to ground water level fall. The estimated subsidence, with values lower than 7 cm, is highly influenced by soil geotechnical conditions like the deformable soil thickness. In addition, the wells location is an important subsidence...
The goal of this contribution is the assessment of the potential of a C-band SAR mission with repeat-pass interval of 12 days - as the intended European satellite system Sentinel-1 - to derive ice surface velocity using SAR interferometry (InSAR) and offset-tracking. For this purpose we investigated ERS-1 SAR data acquired during the ice missions in 1992 and 1994 in 3-day repeat- orbits at Nordaustlandet...
This paper deals with the methodology in the processing of airborne SAR data to measure glacier displacement fields. The possibility to retrieve a 2D displacement map of the deformation in slant-range geometry with an airborne platform is discussed. A new extended multisquint approach is proposed to simultaneously estimate residual motion errors and the along-track displacement of the glacier, while...
The water vapour in troposphere has been identified as one of the major errors in SAR interferograms, which can cause a spatial delay during two non-simultaneous acquisitions. The microwave-signal propagation path delay due to water vapour may reduce the reliability of deformation measurements. In this paper, it aims to assess the water vapour effect on interferograms, and apply synchronous MERIS...
The Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya is developing a ground based bistatic system using ESA's ENVISAT and ERS-2 as transmitters. The spatial resolution of this configuration is similar to that of their monostatic counterpart, although foreshortening effects have a lesser impact. First single-pass interferometric images corresponding to a local test-site are presented and compared to a synthetic...
This paper investigates the performance of pseudo-noise (PN) sequences as pulse compression waveforms in the radar imaging of distributed targets. Multiple transmitter schemes such as multi-static synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and multi- baseline interferometric SAR (InSAR) provide high resolution images for remote sensing applications at lower costs. PN sequences are a natural choice for such systems...
In this paper we study the extinction coefficient of boreal forest by utilizing airborne E-SAR X-band POLInSAR and HUTSCAT X-band profiling scatterometer measurements. By combining E-SAR VV-pol coherency with HUTSCAT tree height measurements we calculate forest extinction coefficients by RVoG model inversion and compare the results with extinction values obtained from HUTSCAT measurements. For retrieval...
The physical properties of persistence scatterers (PS) are estimated utilizing variety means. Two urban areas of Seoul and Busan in Korea are processed using L-band HH-polarization JERS-1 data. The linear and one-year periodic deformations are monitored. The size and brightness variation of PSs are also estimated. In addition, the concurrence of PSs and the point-like targets are examined and disagreement...
We acquired several data sets of polarimetrc SAR data in Sendai, Japan by airborne Pi-SAR system for fundamental research of radar polarimetry and interfereometry. Among these data acquisitions, two data sets were acquired in multiple flight paths in a short time period, and polarimetric SAR image acquired from different angles are available. We found very clear azimuth incident angle dependency of...
This paper analyzes a POLInSAR coherence model with respect to polarization diversity. The coherence constituents are identified and examined. Extending POLInSAR to multiple baselines, two general multibaseline coherence optimization methods are introduced. The coherence model is utilized to discuss the advantages and applications of these newly developed multibaseline coherence optimization methods.
Simulating forest scattering by electromagnetic waves has been proposed with both coherent and incoherent models. However, to our best knowledge, most models consider a description of the forest as infinite in the horizontal plane and layered vertically. Such description is relevant in most cases, but fail when border effects are present near the boundaries : the shadowing effects as well as the reinforcement...
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