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Data fusion in information retrieval has been investigated by many researchers and quite a few data fusion methods have been proposed, but why data fusion can bring improvement in effectiveness is still not very clear. In this paper, we use a geometric probabilistic framework to formally describe data fusion, in which each component result returned from an information retrieval system for a given...
Evidential-reasoning methods, such as the Dempster-Shafer calculus of evidence, are widely applied to information fusion problems. In this paper we examine methodological requirements as well as conceptual issues that are relevant to their understanding and applicability. These matters include interpretation of its basic constructs and that of the notion of evidential independence, the characterization...
When designing a higher-level fusion system the designer must choose between options, and in doing so confronts a number of tradeoffs. This paper outlines some of those options and the tradeoffs that those options involve.
Contemporary situational awareness problems such as automated normalcy learning for anomaly detection and motion behavior prediction are addressed with biologically-inspired processing, representation, and learning approaches. Issues and challenges are discussed and our responses to them described. Relatively simple neural principles provide considerable power in providing capabilities required to...
By observing various battlefield situations as they unfold and by interacting with peers and with battlefield artifacts, such as sensors and information processing systems, intelligence analysts form internal, mental models of things that they are observing and with which they are interacting. These models provide predictive and explanatory power for understanding a specific situation at hand, for...
In the area of process refinement under level 4 data fusion of the JDL model [1,2], high-level sensor management is often performed by human operators manning sensor systems who constantly have to monitor the situational and sensor picture for critical events and dynamically employ myriad sensors' functions to carry out mission-specific tasks. To assist the human operators in dealing better with the...
In this paper we analyze the sensor and fusion schedules of a time-triggered, Kalman filter based, multi-sensor fusion system. The fusion system is used as an environmental perception platform for advanced driver assistance systems and delivers its service to a safety related application. As the application demands cyclic updates with bounded accuracy, the influence of the sensor and fusion schedules...
This paper presents a method for identifying dynamic models of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) from logged data and a physically motivated model structure. Such models are instrumental for model-based control system design, but also for integrated navigation systems. We motive our work from the perspective of developing second generation integrated navigation systems, which use a sensor fusion...
Assume an ESA (electronically steered antenna) radar. In between the surveillance mode operations (where the radar completes one scan of the surveillance area), this radar has spare time for (at least one) additional mode which could be optimized for various special requirements. The optimization is often translated to the choice of the next track to update. In this paper we propose a resource allocation...
This paper highlights the importance of uncertainty visualization in information fusion, reviews general methods of representing uncertainty and presents perceptual and cognitive principles from Tufte, Chambers and Bertin as well as users experiments documented in the literature. Examples of uncertainty representations in information fusion are analyzed using these general theories. These principles...
This contribution aims at unifying two trends in applied particle filtering (PF). The first trend is the major impact in simultaneous localization and mapping (slam) applications, utilizing the FastSLAM algorithm. The second one is the implications of the marginalized particle filter (MPF) or the Rao-Blackwellized particle filter (RBPF) in positioning and tracking applications. An algorithm is introduced,...
Information fusion engine for real-time decision- making (INFERD) is a perceptual information fusion engine designed and developed for the purpose of cyber attack tracking and network situational awareness. While the original application was cyber orientated, the engine itself is designed to generalize and has been ported to other application environments such as maritime domain awareness and medical...
This contribution presents a unified framework for localization and tracking in sensor networks based on fusing a variety of signal energy measurements as provided by for instance acoustic, seismic, magnetic, radio, microwave and infrared sensors. The received energy from such sensors generally decays exponentially, and a log range model is introduced for the sensor observations in logarithmic scale,...
The focus of most information fusion research, so far, has been on the technology, i.e. information processing techniques and algorithms. Consequently, there is a lack of research concerning the actual usage of information fusion systems in terms of cognitive and organisational issues such as supporting both individual and group decision making. This paper provides a retrospective of information fusion...
This paper defines and implements a non-Bayesian fusion rule for combining densities of probabilities estimated by local (non-linear) filters for tracking a moving target by passive sensors. This rule is the restriction to a strict probabilistic paradigm of the recent and efficient proportional conflict redistribution rule no 5 (PCR5) developed in the DSmT framework for fusing basic belief assignments...
Most of studies in the field of information fusion focus on the production of high-level information from low-level data. The challenge is then to fuse this high-level information to produce a global and coherent information. Another approach consists in interpreting data as high-level information and fuse it at once. Our approach relies on the use of conceptual graphs model. The model is widely used...
This paper present a new distributed CFAR (constant false alarm rate) detector based on the adaptive censored cell-averaging CFAR technique. In the scheme, every local decision of individual detector, resulting from the comparison between its sample in test cell and the estimate of clutter power level of its reference samples, takes the value zero or one. In local processor, the CCA-CFAR (censored...
A very short overview is given on experience gained in the area of high level information fusion (JDL level 2 and 3) since 1988. The main characteristics of the referenced projects and experimental systems for the support of intelligence officers in land battle missions will be outlined. The different approaches to analyse and model military intelligence processing and the development of concepts...
Measurements of impedance spectra used for non-invasive glucose monitoring are affected by a variety of perturbing factors such as temperature and sweat/moisture fluctuations, changes in perfusion, and body movements. In order to quantify and compensate for these perturbing effects, a multi-sensor approach was suggested. Different sensors are used, measuring signals correlated with blood glucose and...
Summary form only given. Despite significant recent progress in automatic target exploitation (ATE) and recognition (ATR), current ATE systems do not meet the requirements of modern battlefield environments. Next generation ATE systems must actively manage sensor resources, aggregate sensed information across multiple platforms and diverse signaling modalities, and adapt to increasingly agile adversaries...
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