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With the improvement of network bandwidth, multimedia services based on streaming live media have gained much attention recently, among which IPTV has become a hot topic. After emergence of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technology, P2P based IPTV systems are deployed widely. However, there exists a huge challenge, which is how to manage content. Digital rights management (DRM) is such a system that includes...
This paper describes the Stanford P2P multicast (SPPM) streaming system that employs an overlay architecture specifically designed for low delay video applications. In order to provide interactivity to the user, this system has to keep the end-to-end delay as small as possible while guaranteeing a high video quality. A set of complimentary multicast trees is maintained to efficiently relay video traffic...
The P2P streaming system must have the adaptation ability to the heterogeneity of the peer nodes and networks. In this paper, an adaptive scheme on video streaming over multi-hop path in P2P networks, called server-aided intermediate node adaptive transmission (SA-INAT), is proposed. In the scheme, the streaming server probes the network parameters in the multi-hop path periodically, and adjusts the...
In peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing networks, the average download time is determined by how efficiently the upload bandwidth of each peer can be utilized. In this paper, we will first propose a stochastic model for P2P file sharing networks. By numerically solving the proposed model, we will be able to gain interesting insight on how the performance of a P2P file sharing network is affected by different...
Early departure of customers during video playback brings a great impact on the design of a peer-to-peer (P2P) video-on-demand (VoD) system, especially on the system bandwidth requirement and the need for a well-defined fault exception mechanism. In this paper, we develop an analytical model to evaluate how the system parameters such as bandwidth requirement and batching time in a P2P batching system...
This paper explores how to leverage IEEE802.11-based cooperative peer-to-peer repair (CPR) to enhance the reliability of wireless multimedia broadcasting. We first formulate the CPR problem and present an algorithm that assumes global state information to optimally schedule CPR transmissions. Based on insights gained from the optimal algorithm, we propose a fully distributed CPR (DCPR) protocol. Simulation...
This paper provides a timely review of influential work in the area of peer-to-peer (P2P) content search. We begin with a survey of text-based P2P search mechanisms and continue with an exposition of content-based approaches followed by a discussion of future directions.
In peer-to-peer (P2P) streaming, each peer contributes its upload bandwidth to redistributing the data stream to its downstream peers. How to optimally utilize the upload bandwidth of each peer is an important issue. In this paper, we propose a fully distributed algorithm to optimize the link rate allocation in P2P streaming. We use dual decomposition to separate the optimization problem into multiple...
The push method for data transmission in peer-to-peer system has drawn great interest, since it can efficiently reduce the accumulated latency observed at user nodes. However, it can cause redundant packets more easily than the pull method, because the nodes using pull method can completely control the data request process while it's not the case for push method. In this paper, we systematically study...
Today's P2P streaming application periodically suffers from routing hotspots, a.k.a., flash crowds. A routing hotspot is typically created by an unanticipated new event that triggers an unanticipated surge of users which request streaming from some particular peers, temporarily overwhelming the peer's delivery capabilities. In this paper, we consider how to avoid the routing hotspot prior to a congestion...
Peer-to-peer (P2P) structure is widely applied in multimedia streaming applications to support large number of clients spread all over the Internet. For real-time streaming applications, data arrival time is critical. In this paper, we design a scheduling scheme to manipulate the order of data transmission between peers in order to improve the transmission efficiency in P2P streaming. Simulation results...
Human-centered computing embeds the human factors such as social and cultural awareness, human abilities, and adaptability to others' activities in the information system and methodology design. This paper proposes a human-centered multimedia E-learning system to address several classical difficulties in distance education via Internet: poor video frame quality, high requirement of network bandwidth,...
IP-multicast is a bandwidth efficient transmission mechanism for multimedia communication. Reliability in IP-multicast, however, remains a significant challenge. This paper addresses the reliability and scalability issues in IP-multicast by exploring a novel, highly distributed overlay peer-to-peer retransmission architecture that exploits path-diversity. A simple unicast-based "tracert"...
In this paper, we consider applying multiple description coding in mesh-pull P2P live streaming networks to provide incentives for redistribution. In our system, a video is encoded into multiple descriptions with each description having equal importance. We consider a heterogeneous system with peers having different uplink bandwidths. We design a distributed protocol in which a peer contributing more...
Peer-to-peer networking technologies are gaining increasing popularity for file sharing and media streaming applications. To support these set of applications, structured peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks may be employed to provide an overlay substrate. In structured P2P overlay networks, peer nodes, content objects and messages are often identified using a set of well defined identifications (Ids...
Wireless digital video broadcasting has experienced much success in years with some industrial systems deployed. We study in this paper how to recover lost packets in video broadcasting by means of a free broadcast-based secondary channel (such as IEEE-802.11 or Bluetooth). In our scheme, termed BOPPER (broadcasting with peer-to-peer error recovery), mobile devices collaboratively help each other...
In recent years, content delivery networks (CDN) and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks have emerged as two effective paradigms for delivering multimedia contents over the Internet. An important feature in CDN and P2P networks is the data redundancy across multiple servers/peers which enables efficient media delivery. In this paper, we propose a network coding framework for efficient media streaming in either...
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