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Based on the meteorological data sequence of Lanzhou city and circumjacent regions, and experimental data in urban area, data of climate factors were analyzed. The results are as follows: Temperature variation is divided into three stages in near 70 years; the early 1950's and the early 1980's are the jump points of Lanzhou urban climate during this period. The urban climate effect was analyzed by...
This paper focuses on the estimation of heat energy exchange between land and air using MODIS data in Poyang Lake area of Jiangxi Province. Based on energy balance equation, net radiation including net longwave and shortwave radiation, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux and ground heat flux are the major components of energy balance. In this paper, the net longwave radiation, net shortwave radiation,...
The implications of climatic effects due to aerosols with a large variability like mineral dust serve as indicators of dust events and are examined. Airborne mineral dust can influence the climate by altering the radiative properties of the atmosphere. For instance, aerosols in the form of dust particles reflect the incoming solar radiation to space, thereby reducing the amount of radiation available...
Temperature inversion indicates that the atmospheric temperature decreases with increasing height. Its occurrence tends to inhibit vertical motion of the atmosphere. Under the occurrence of temperature inversion, air pollutants cannot be dissipated through vertical mixing of the atmosphere and are accumulated near the surface. When temperature inversion lasts for a long time, human health can be in...
All remote sensing of the Earth's surface in the solar wavelengths is impacted by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF): all Earth surfaces scatter light anisotropically. The BRDF describes the angular distribution of scattered light and is thus what most remote sensing instruments sample. The BRDF is dependent on the structural as well as the optical characteristics of surfaces...
The Amazon region contains one of the world's richest biodiversity and plays a major role in global dynamics of climate and global water and biogeochemical cycles. A better understanding of vegetation phenology and associated seasonal variations in carbon dynamics is necessary to develop reliable biosphere-climate models in the region. In this study, we investigated the interaction of climate and...
Retrieval of soil moisture under corn canopies has been investigated by many researchers and is still a problem that is not fully assessed. Corn is an organized canopy. This feature produces effects not observed from natural canopies. One such effect is the dependence of sensor response on the azimuthal direction. The aim of this study is to explore these distinguishing effects by Monte-Carlo simulations.
A new simple microwave backward and forward scattering model for vegetation canopies is developed in this study. This simple model has only ten input parameters for a natural earth surface, which is modeled as a two-layer structure comprising a vegetation layer and a ground layer. The computation results of this model are compared with the experimental measurements, which were obtained by a ground-based...
This paper describes how the synchronization and networking capabilities of the transmit and receive chain used at the CSU-CHILL and CSU-Pawnee radars are used to form a bistatic radar system capable of observing clear air echoes from atmospheric boundary layer. An overview of the bistatic radar geometry and resolution volume are presented, along with a discussion of the methods used to achieve timing...
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