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As the power systems in the United States become increasingly large, complex, and interconnected, the traditional relays are proving to be inadequate against blackouts. More "intelligent" relays are therefore needed to meet the security and reliability needs of the future power grid. In this paper, we propose a new logic for decision making and over-current relay setting. The proposed "smart"...
The importance of developing better tools for observing the status of the North American power grid is described. Focus is on the performance of the phase measurement units being deployed to give the raw data for this improved observability. How the availability of this information would have appeared during the August 2003 power blackout is described. IEEE is developing a standard for these units...
This paper recalls the 30-year history of wide-area measurements at Hydro-Quebec. At present, a state-of-the art, eight-PMU-based wide-area monitoring system commissioned in 2004 is on line, feeding the EMS with GPS-synchronized angles, frequencies, and harmonic distortion measurements from key 735-kV buses. Specific to Hydro-Quebec is the current use of one such system for frequency regulation reporting...
This paper presents a method to detect dynamic events in electric power networks by analyzing the frequency signals with Haar wavelet. The estimated post-event damping is used to determine the end of these events, and to separate overlapping events. This method has been implemented and tested on archived field data with good results. It can potentially be implemented in phasor measurement units for...
A practical PMU configuration method based on weak voltage area monitoring and incomplete observability is proposed. Firstly, SNB curves of all buses are calculated by CPF. Then voltage magnitude variation is adopted to find weak voltage buses under the same load variation rate. The buses, which have bigger normalized DeltaV , are chosen as weak voltage ones. We use the rate of voltage magnitude variation...
Many large interconnected power systems such as the US eastern interconnection and the US western power system are characterized by many power transfer paths with high loading. Disruptions of these transfer paths frequently lead to increased loading on neighboring transfer paths, which themselves become less secure and could cause further disruptions. State estimators have limited performance under...
This paper describes recent results of the MedFasee project aiming at the development and performance testing of a synchronized phasor measurement system (SPMS) prototype and its applications for monitoring of power system operation. The prototype consists of a phasor data concentrator (PDC) and three phasor measurement units (PMUs) installed in cities in Southern Brazil. Results from monitoring system...
This paper provides a methodology to characterize the accuracy of PMU data (GPS-synchronized) and the applicability of this data for monitoring system stability. GPS-synchronized equipment (PMUs) is in general higher precision equipment as compared to typical SCADA systems. Conceptually, PMU data are time tagged with precision better than 1 microsecond and magnitude accuracy that is better than 0...
Field-measured frequency data from a nationwide frequency monitoring network (FNET) are examined in this paper. Wavelet-based denoising signal processing technique is applied to filter out spikes and noises from measured frequency data. System's frequency statistics of three major U.S. power grids are investigated. Comparison between phasor measurement unit (PMU) and FNET data illustrates the close...
The paper develops a method based on waveform interpolation in the discrete time-domain to counter the spectral leakage errors arising in forming, by discrete Fourier transform (DFT), the supply frequency phasors representing power system voltages and currents when there are system frequency deviations from the nominal value. The interpolation scheme allows DFT evaluation to be performed with a time...
This paper presents an update and extensions of New York Power Authority's (NYPA) harmonic measurement system (HMS) which has been deployed for over a decade. The HMS consists of hardware and software, which determine the harmonic state of a transmission system, in real time, and stores the acquired data in a historical harmonics database. The HMS hardware consists of global positioning system (GPS)-synchronized...
This paper presents the use of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in the Western Electric Coordinating Council (WECC) has been very successful. Phasor data recorded during the Aug. 10, 1996 blackout showed the phase difference growing as the system weakened well before system separation. It also showed clearly the dynamic system behavior before and during the blackout. WAMS measurements, particularly...
The objective of the work to be presented in this panel is to deal and discuss real time issues regarding the dynamic security assessment combined with the PMU (phasor measurement units) utilization. In particular, the work focuses on suitable methods for predicting the system trajectory in the multidimensional angle space and for assessing the transient stability margin in the real time for all contingencies...
The following topics were dealt with: power quality; industry restructuring; IEEE 1453 flicker standard; transmission expansion planning; system stability; power systems computer simulation; distribution economics; load forecasting; price forecasting; VAr allocation; distribution analysis; DSM; energy markets; distributed generation; FACTS; power generation control; power engineering education; power...
A wide-area robust control method for damping inter-area oscillations of power system is suggested in this paper. Both local and PMU-provided remote signals are utilized as feedback inputs of the controller. First the damping control design is formulated as an output disturbance rejection problem. Then a mixed H2/Hinfin , output-feedback control design with pole placement based on the mixed-sensitivity...
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