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A Barker sequence is employed for the synchronization of two photoplethysmogram (PPG) channels. The correctness of this technique is demonstrated by recording a PPG signal, injecting a Barker sequence at the start of this trace and producing a delayed version of it. After preprocessing, cross-correlation techniques are utilized for accurate time alignment of the two traces. The algorithm can correct...
Cells are equipped with a host of receptors that can convert chemical signals into electrical ones. Cell-based biosensors take cells as sensing elements for detecting the intracellular/extracellular microenvironment and some special characteristics of cells selves. This paper presents the design of the cell-based biosensor and optimization of the automatic fluidic system that makes it feasible to...
During liver resection and liver transplant, liver is damaged by ischemia-reperfusion injury. Until now, there is no approved method to measure or predict the extent of liver injury during the operation. This is the preliminary study to make the real time monitoring system by quantification of bioimpedance and ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to different periods...
Various biochemical and tissue sensors utilize layered configurations to accurately measure the physical parameters (e.g. refractive index) of the suspension or tissue under investigation. The most sensitive techniques, like these based on well-known surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon, are usually limited to surface sensing at the infrared and light wavelength bands. We present a new type...
Venox is a propriety venous oximetry system, capable of measuring peripheral venous oximetry. In this ongoing study, Venox is being compared against mixed central venous oximetry during human cardiac surgery, with fibre optic reflectance spectrophotometry being used as the gold standard, placed in the pulmonary artery. A background review of the pulse oximetry, current venous oximetry techniques and...
Automation in near-patient ABO testing has been prohibitive due to cost. Recently, a spectrophotometric approach to blood typing has been developed by examining the spectral slopes of RBC suspensions in saline, in the presence and absence of various antibodies. In this paper, we present a simplified method and a sensor that can replace the spectral imaging component of the diode-array spectrophotometer...
We developed a brand-new method that fits the non-invasive blood component concentration measurement: the dynamic spectrum (DS) method. With use of this method, it was possible to eliminate the main interference of the individual discrepancy and extract some kinds of the blood component concentration by the analytic method. The definition, principle and measure method of the dynamic spectrum are presented...
Detection and prevention of Phenylketonuria (PKU) is becoming more and more important. However, the current methods are either imprecise or time-consuming. We propose a biosensor system based on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) immobilized on an ammonia electrode to measure blood phenylalanine for PKU prevention. The biosensor exhibits good linearity from 10-5000 muM and the response time is only...
Invasive intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) studies help identify the epileptogenic focus and assess if the identified zone overlies eloquent cortex by means of cortical stimulation. Proper interpretation and use of the intracranial recording/stimulation studies requires an effective display of multimodal information. We developed a software system which can combine the patient's segmented...
This paper describes a three-stage system for the detection of neonatal seizures. The first stage detects 5-s seizure segments using signal processing and pattern recognition techniques. In the second stage, the seizure segments overlapping with artifactual segments are marked for post-processing using rules. Rules add intelligence to the spatio-temporal clustering in the third stage, by incorporating...
For fast and exact CT reconstruction, we have conceptualized a triple-source helical cone-beam scanning mode, and formulated a backprojected-filtration (BPF) algorithm for that imaging geometry. The algorithm uses data from the three inter-helix PI-arcs related to the inter-helix PI-lines and the minimum detection windows defined for the triple-source configuration. The proof of the formula is based...
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) functions as a mechanical stabilizer in the tibiofemoral joint. Over 250,000 Americans each year suffer ACL ruptures and tears, making the ACL the most commonly injured knee ligament. Methods which permit the in situ monitoring of changes in ACL graft mechanical properties during healing are needed. A long term goal in ACL reconstruction is to regenerate the ACL-bone...
In this paper a new method for muscle artifact removal in EEG is presented, based on canonical correlation analysis (CCA) as a blind source separation technique (BSS). This method is demonstrated on a synthetic data set. The method outperformed a low pass filter with different cutoff frequencies and an independent component analysis (ICA) based technique for muscle artifact removal. The first preliminary...
We present a novel method for rapid removal of patient scatter from cone beam (CB) projection images that requires no scatter measurement, physical modeling or strong assumptions regarding the spatial smoothness of the scatter distribution. A modulator grid is placed between the imaged distribution and the detector that differentially frequency modulates primary and scattered photons. When photons...
Image registration has been widely used for generating more diagnostic and clinical values in medical imaging. On the other hand, inaccurate image registration and incorrect localization of region of interest risks a potential impact on patients. Vibro-acoustography (VA) is a new imaging modality that has been applied to both medical and industrial imaging. Combining unique diagnostic information...
In the diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer, it is critical to measure the volume of the prostate and locate its boundary. Three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound (3D TRUS) imaging has been demonstrated to be a useful technique to perform such a task. Due to image speckle as well as low contrast in ultrasound images, segmentation of the prostate in 3D US images is challenging. In this paper,...
To explore the characteristics of thermo-source of breast tumors on thermal texture maps. Compared with the histological results, thermo-source characteristics on TTM in 106 cases with breast mass, who would undergo breast surgery, were analyzed according to the parameters such as the depth, morphology, structure, and temperatures of abnormal heat foci in order to find the differences between benign...
The optimization of off-null ellipsometry is described with emphasis on the improvement of resolution for visualizing biomolecule layers. For optical biosensor with layer thickness below 6.5 nm, a numerical simulation for the dependence of resolution on the azimuth settings of polarizer and analyzer is presented first. For comparison, three different resolutions are given at three azimuth settings...
Cerebral oxygenation especially regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) needs to be monitored to avoid irreversible damages induced by hypoxia. Based on steady-state spatially resolved spectroscopy (SRS), rSO2 was obtained by the NIRS oximeter developed by our group. The oximeter was calibrated by blood gas analyzer using the liquid tissue model made up by our group. The results indicate that the...
This paper reported the identification and mechanism of dynamic mass redistribution in living cells mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation using resonant waveguide grating (RWG) biosensors. In response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation, human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells gave rise to a dynamic response due to dynamic mass redistribution (DMR) in the cells. The...
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