This paper presents an emerging method to detect pesticide residues on fruit. In order to enhance pesticide signature intensity and make the detection rate of pesticide better, we applied band weighting process and band selection (BS) process base on band prioritization (BP) and band decorrelation (BD) to adjust spectral data. Then four algorithms were used, spectral information divergence (SID), orthogonal subspace projection (OSP), constrained energy minimization (CEM), and support vector machine (SVM) to identify pesticide residues on different fruit. The results show that using CEM method has the highest detection rate of pesticide and has the potential to replace the other traditional methods.