Multifunctional spaceborne blackbody system was developed to improve the accuracy in estimating the temperature of the blackbody surface by integrating with micro-heaters, micro-coolers, and micro-temperature sensors for on-board calibration of image sensors in space applications. Consequently, a lightweight, low power consumption, high accuracy blackbody system has been realized. The temperature uniformity within 0.01°C was achieved so that the exact representative temperature of the blackbody surface could be provided for the wide-range temperature calibration of image sensors.