Extending the range of Ex-equipment status monitoring with the help of big data to solve the practical problem is an important research subject nowadays. For high reliable storage and rapid access of data, the safety and optimization of data distribution based on Hadoop is studied. A multi-copy consistency Hash algorithm based on data correlation is proposed. The algorithm store the relevant data in the cluster to improve query performance, the adaptive searchable encryption solution is proposed to make the cloud platform participate in the decryption process to free the user from the onerous key management and enhance the safety of data.