This paper develops an inverse scattering method to determine the characteristics of resonance region targets by using ultrawideband scattering signals. The method mainly uses multiple time-domain signals for each target, and they are processed to give feature vectors in frequency domain. These vectors contain target-specific information related with characteristics (dimensions of substructures, material properties, etc.) of the known targets. The target recognition is employed by using test (unknown) target's scattering signal. This time-domain signal is processed in an inverse way to get a frequency-domain test vector. Then, the characteristics of test target are assigned as these of one of the known targets with a basic template-matching approach between test vector and feature vectors of these targets. The method is demonstrated for three realistic small-scale airplane. For an ultrawideband system of 0.7–18 GHz, more than 85 percent accuracy has been obtained even under moderate signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio of about 10 dB.