Increasing attention has been devoted to nanoparticle production technology in the last decades as a consequence of the increasing interest for nanoparticle properties, such as modified physical properties with respect to bulk materials and high area to volume ratio, that allow their successful use in biomedical, optical, energy and electronic applications. Inductively coupled thermal plasma technology, whose distinctive features are high energy density, high process purity, large plasma volume and long residence time, has proven to be a viable means for nanoparticle synthesis. Productivity, product quality control and affordability are the main challenges still to be solved for this technology. Over the last few years, many studies have been directed towards the optimization of the synthesis of nanoparticles by inductively coupled thermal plasma, intended for the production of nanoparticles of specific size and with a narrow PSD. Also, the use of conical reaction chamber geometry and of a curtain gas to protect the reaction chamber walls from nanoparticle deposition has been suggested to increase the yield of the process, defined as the ratio of nanoparticles mass flow rate at the outlet of the reaction chamber and precursor feed rate.