The writer discusses the impetus and resistance in technological innovation in enterprises in China, and points out that the targets of the government and the enterprises are partly same, still there is an invisible game between them, so it is the government's task to guide, help, support and incite enterprises to innovate. The opportunity cost, which had been ignored, would be huge without enough encouragement from governments, thus the most important task for the Chinese governments is to build a social environment conducive to technological innovation.