In view of the situation of the Yangtze river waterfront resource development and existing problems in Anhui in recent years, through the investigation and research of the waterfront, accumulating and discerning the forms of utilizing waterfront, and then based on Yangtze river waterfront development condition in Anhui,development status and development needs, and the functions of ecology, life and production, the paper concludes and puts forward the sustainable development modes attaching the same weight to both resource utilization and environmental protection of the Yangtze river waterfront in Anhui: the first mode is environment and ecological security development, the second mode is leisure-life of people in harmony with land, the third mode is industry intensive development to key waterfront. Try to provide new ideas for the reasonable exploitation and protection of Yangtze river waterfront resources in Anhui.