The characteristics of the generation of high-energy CH, through anaerobic digestion (AD) of straw pretreated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as chemical agent were introduced. The effect of loading rate on AD efficiency and biogas yield of straw were investigated. The main conclusions are: loading rate had a significant efficiency on AD of straw pretreated with 6% sodium hydroxide. Especially when loading rate was 60g·L-1, at 7th day the maximum daily CH4, production was 24.33 mL.g-1. TS1 and at 37th day the AD was finish, the final CH4 yield was 289.1 mL.g-1. TS-1, CH4, concentration in biogas was 54.89%, which is equivalent to bio-energy yield was 25.57MJ/m3, ultimate biodegradability was 58.9%.