R&D personnel competence level is the important force which determines the independent innovation ability in enterprises. On the basis of defining the connotation and characteristics of R&D personnel competence in enterprises, then based on the knowledge essence of competence, the paper reveals the enhancement mechanism of R&D personnel competence in enterprises from two levels of staff individual learning and organizational learning, and designs corresponding competence enhancement tactics around the angle to enhance the learning efficiency and effectiveness of R&D personnel, so as to provide theoretical guidance and tactics support to enhance the R&D personnel competence in enterprises.