Network calculus is a theory of deterministic queuing systems, which is based on min-plus algebra. This paper shows a novel network calculus that based on other dioids, that is max-plus algebra. Performance bounds can be obtained by max-plus network calculus. We also do a theoretical research on max-plus network calculus by using residuation theory. Finally, we analyze guaranteed rate server as an example to illustrate the efficiency of max-plus based network calculus in performance analysis of network calculus.