The utilization of expert systems within the nuclear industry is examined. Topics reviewed include factors motivating the industry to develop expert systems, areas of application, and issues related to acceptance. It was found that expert systems, as currently conceived, can be used for managerial tasks such as ensuring regulatory compliance and for interactive diagnostics. However, it is unclear that the technology can be utilized for real-time diagnostics and guidance. For this to happen there must be substantial improvements in the man-machine interface and extensive experimental assessments of the technology.