With the development of image retrieval system, the organizing and managing of image database effectively have been a key technology of users' retrieving. This paper firstly makes use of improved ant colony clustering algorithm in emotional clustering which based on image feature. This algorithm may identify who is the first ant by calculating the Euclidean distance, simulate ants' action of picking up or discarding objects, and according to the feature of domain color, Image emotional cluster has been implemented. The result of experiment has indicated that the algorithm can get better clustering effect and improve retrieval efficiency.