E-business has changed the face of most business functions in competitive enterprises. This study examined e-business initiatives in China, the largest developing country in the world, and investigated the impact of two organizational constraints, human resource constraints and organizational infrastructure constraints on the performance of e-business. Data were collected and measured. Survey results showed that 45.8% firms have adopted e-business; of these, two-third had a formal plan and/or task force for e-business deployment. The organizational constraints influence the performance of the e-business. Firms with high level of human resources and infrastructure constraints will outperform firms with low level.