Ti6Al4V was surface treated in ambient conditions with nanosecond pulse ultraviolet laser, using fluences of 539 and 123MW/cm2. Transmission electron microscopy of nanoblades revealed modified layers of 1.26μm and 750nm respectively. Nanoindentation revealed softening of Ti6Al4V, which can be related to the formation of martensite in the region closest to the surface. Unusual compression {101¯1} twins are formed in the region adjacent to the unmodified parent phase, which can be related to the nanosecond pulse-induced shock wave. The modified region exhibits characteristic features of heat treated and mechanically deformed Ti6Al4V, suggesting a thermomechanical effect of laser treatment.