Carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere can be reduced by chemical fixation in organic or inorganic carbonates. Many compounds can be commercially produced on an industrial scale using CO 2 , allowing for turning a (nowadays problematic) waste gas into economic profit. Besides this, the carbonation of magnesium silicates and calcium silicates is an option for long-term storage of CO 2 at a capacity that exceeds that of other options for CO 2 storage by several orders of magnitude, with the inherent benefit that post-storage monitoring of the stored CO 2 is not necessary. The first part of this paper gives an overview of commercial carbonate chemical production routes that do (or in a near future can) make use of the CO 2 that is produced at a large scale from human activities. The second part addresses the process technology, market potential and other aspects of mineral carbonation for long-term CO 2 storage as an alternative for, for example, storage in underground aquifers.