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Plant pathogenic mycoplasmas were discovered by electron microscopy, in 1967, long after the discovery and culture in 1898 of the first pathogenic mycoplasma of animal origin, Mycoplasma mycoides. Mycoplasmas are Eubacteria of the class Mollicutes, a group of organisms phylogenetically related to Gram-positive bacteria. Their more characteristic features reside in the small size of their genomes,...
Bien que survenant apres l'etablissement indiscutable de la cause microbienne de certaines maladies de l'homme et de l'animal, la demonstration de l'origine bacterienne de maladies des vegetaux n'a pas ete sans dispute et controverse, qui se sont developpees entre specialistes allemands et americains, a la fin du 19e siecle (1897-1901). Apres cet episode, l'etude des bacterioses des vegetaux et des...
Le 18e siecle est le debut scientifique de la pathologie vegetale. Les naturalistes, qui etudient les maladies des plantes, refutent la generation spontanee, les origines meteorologiques et/ou supranaturelles de ces alterations qui provoquent des pertes de recolte tres importantes et engendrent famine et disette. Ils montrent que celles-ci sont dues a des champignons microscopiques. Les termes de...
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