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Spectroscopic properties of Er 3+ and Er 3+ –Yb 3+ co-doped phosphate glass matrix have been analyzed by fitting the experimental data with the standard Judd–Ofelt theory. Various spectroscopic parameters were obtained to evaluate their dependence and the potential of the samples as a laser material in the eye-safe laser wavelength (1.53μm) as a function of the Er 3+ and Yb 3+ concentration. Results indicate that the increment in the active ion concentration and the small variation in the Ba content in phosphate matrix reduce the Ω t parameters and modify the fluorescence spectral properties of Er 3+ ion. The fluorescence decay time range from 3 to 8.5ms depending on the ionic concentration and the maximum quantum efficiency for the 1.53μm was 86% for 0.25mol% of Er 3+ with 2.5mol% of Yb 3+ . The effect of Er 3+ concentration on the quantum efficiency was discussed in terms of the cluster formation of the active ion and by the dynamics change induced by the presence of Yb 3+ . Calculated and measured parameters are in agreement with others results reported recently.