The study assesses the natural course and management of congenital ovarian cysts in female neonates, with regard to the time of diagnosis, size, location and results of the treatment.The study involved 21 girls (14 full-term, 7 premature); among them, 5 were with prenatal and 16 were with postnatal diagnosis of ovarian cysts.All cysts >30mm were diagnosed prenatally; among them, 4 were located in one ovary, and in 1 case, ovarian torsion happened. In 5 girls (3 with prenatal diagnosis), laparoscopic treatment was used, and indications were as follows: cysts ≥50mm, suspicion of ovarian torsion, suspicion of neoplasm, and no reduction of cyst size. 16 girls were only controlled by ultrasound till 6 months of life, until there was complete spontaneous cysts resolution. Physical and psychomotor development of all girls was normal.1) Ovarian cysts noted in neonates are not always prenatally diagnosed, in spite of widespread prenatal ultrasound diagnostics; 2) Ultrasound diagnosis in neonate with ovarian cyst allows selection of best method for the treatment; 3) Laparoscopic treatment is effective and safe for the neonates with ovarian cysts.