Behavioristic criticisms of cognitive psychology stem from a Skinnerian argument by analogy, to wit, natural selection of species replaced divine creation, and therefore shaping of behavior by reinforcement replaces the immaterial mind. But Darwin argued that mind existed materially in mental organs evolved by natural selection, thus Skinner's analogy is false. Neuroscientists are rapidly amassing evidence for the Darwinian status of cognitive functions within the central nervous systems of animals and humans.