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This work presents a new flow injection strategy, called ‘cross injection analysis’ or CIA, an alternative cost-effective approach in flow analysis. The flow platform is made from a rectangular acrylic block, approximately 5×3×1.5cm (x×y×z), with crossing cylindrical channels drilled out along the x- and y-axis of the block. The outlet from the single x-axis channel is connected to a detector flow...
Homologous blood transfusion is an illicit practice used by athletes to improve the delivery of oxygen to tissues and, as such, it is banned in sports. The current method of detection is based on the flow cytofluorimetric phenotypic identification of red blood cells mismatch of minor blood group antigens between the donor and the recipient. The selectivity of this method to clearly identify transfused...
Cloud-point extraction (CPE), an easy, safe, environmentally friendly, rapid and inexpensive methodology for preconcentration and separation of trace metals from aqueous solutions has recently become an attractive area of research and an alternative to liquid–liquid extraction. Moreover, it provides results comparable to those obtained with other separation techniques and has a greater potential to...
A new automatic sequential injection (SI) system for on-line magnetic sorbent extraction coupled with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) has been successfully developed for metal determination. In this work, we reported effective on-line immobilization of magnetic silica particles into a microcolumn by the external force of two strong neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets across...
A disposable amperometric biosensor was developed for the detection of total polyphenolic compounds from tea infusions. The biosensor was designed by modifying the surface of a carbon screen-printed electrode with platinum nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide, followed by the laccase drop-casting and stabilization in neutralised 1% Nafion solution. The obtained biosensor was investigated by scanning...
The importance of 5′AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in regulating glucose and fatty acid metabolism is increasing. Thus, it is regarded as a new pharmacological target for treatment of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In order to explore the relationships between AMPK and diabetes mellitus, urines samples from four groups of C57 mice, i.e., the normal male and female...
Strong ion exchangers (Dowex 50W-x8 and Dowex 1-x8) were used for the separation and preconcentration of trace amounts of Mo, Sb and V in gasoline samples. Dowex 1-x8 resin was found to be suitable for the quantitative retention of these metal ions from organic matrices. The elution of the metal ions from Dowex 1-x8 resin was achieved by using 2.0molL −1 HNO 3 solution. The Dowex 1-x8...
Sewage sludge application to agricultural soils is a common practice in several countries in the European Union. Nevertheless, the application dose constitutes an essential aspect that must be taken into account in order to minimize environmental impacts. In this study, near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to estimate in sewage sludge samples several parameters related to agronomic...
Rapid and simple methods for microRNA (miRNA) detection are essential for biological research of miRNAs and clinical diagnosis. Here we describe a sensitive and specific real time RT-PCR (also RT-qPCR) method for miRNA quantification. The whole detection process including reverse transcription and PCR is performed in one PCR tube by a one-step operation on a real-time PCR system. The results display...
A procedure for the determination of ultratrace levels of lead and cadmium using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) has been developed. The ionic liquid, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C 8 MIm][NTf 2 ]), is formed in situ and used to extract the lead and cadmium complexes with ammonium...
Arsenolipids represent a relevant step in the biosynthesis of organoarsenicals from inorganic arsenic compounds. Their fate after human consumption is still uncertain.By means of a HPLC-ICP-MS/ESI-Q-TOF-MS method, 16 lipid soluble arsenic compounds, including seven formerly unknown organoarsenicals, have been identified in commercial herring fillet.The structural assignment was done by exact mass...
We have firstly established a method of high-performance liquid chromatography−ultraviolet analysis coupled with electrospray ionization−ion trap−time-of-flight mass spectrometry and butyrylcholinesterase biochemical detection (HPLC-UV-ESI-IT-TOF-MS-BChEBCD). Applying this on-line method to the identification of BChE inhibitors in a Plumula nelumbinis sample, three alkaloids, namely liensinine, isoliensinine,...
A powerful analytical method for the determination of the family of the nitro musk compounds at trace level in environmental waters—river, sea, and water from a treatment plant—is presented. The method is based on the use of molecularly imprinted silica (MIS) as sorbent for solid phase extraction (SPE) used for the clean-up and the concentration step of the target analytes previous to their determination...
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an enveloped virus that is about 50–70nm in diameter, has positive-strand RNA, and belongs to the genus Hepacivirus and the family Flaviridae. The detection and quantification of the core antigen, HCV nucleocapsid protein, has been successful in many trials and is considered a marker of viral replication since it presents a sequence of highly conserved amino acids, giving...
A new kinetic-potentiometric method for the characterization and analytical determination of competitive reversible enzyme inhibitors was developed. The method is based on a mathematical approach, assuming that the reaction proceeds at the steady state, which permits calculation of a tentative substrate concentration to be used to determine low inhibitor concentrations and to obtain the value of inhibition...
Completeness of the ion transportation into an analytical path defines the efficiency of ionization analysis techniques. This is of particular importance for atmospheric pressure ionization sources like corona discharge, electrospray, ionization with radioactive ( 3 H, 63 Ni) isotopes that produce nonuniform spatial distribution of sample ions. The available methods of sample ion focusing...
Soft materials resulting from the combination of carbon nanotubes with ionic liquids have aroused analytical interest; thank to their peculiar characteristics. This paper compares the sorption capacity of eight different soft materials obtained from the combination of 1-hexyl 3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (ionic liquid) with different types of carbon nanotubes. The main characteristics of...
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) may be very useful in the clinical management of antiepileptic drug therapy for multiple reasons, such as individual variability, metabolism, genetic factors or drug–drug or drug–food interactions. In addition, TDM is helpful to study the variation in pharmacokinetics that occurs between individuals. Here, we describe a rapid assay using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray...
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