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Fragrance suspected allergens including those regulated by the EU Directive 76/768/EEC have been determined in different types of waters using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The procedure was based on headspace sampling (HS-SPME) using polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fibers and has been optimized by an experimental design approach...
The paper describes the application of SOMs (Self-Organizing Maps) and SVR (Support Vector Regression) to pattern recognition in GC–MS (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry). The data are applied to two groups of apples, one which is a control and one which has been inoculated with Penicillium expansum and which becomes spoiled over the 10-day period of the experiment. GC–MS of SPME (solid phase microextraction)...
We describe a solid-phase extraction (SPE) method, followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), for the simultaneous determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sheep serum samples. The denaturation of serum proteins by formic acid, water-1-propanol and water-2-propanol were compared and optimized. Seven different solid-phase sorbents...
The determination of six phthalate acid esters was achieved in artificial saliva using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry following activated carbon enrichment of samples. Central composite experimental design was applied to optimize method parameters, such as pH, adsorption time and amount of activated carbon. The best compromise of analytical conditions for the simultaneous determination of analytes...
A simple and expeditious method based on continuous solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was reported for the direct determination of 29 organic acids in food and beverages. A sorbent column packed with 80mg of LiChrolut EN–Supelclean ENVI-18 (1:1) was employed for extraction and clean-up purposes. After elution with 200μL of methanol, the methanolic extract was...
A sensitive, reliable method using continuous solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous determination of twenty pharmaceuticals including antibacterials, anti-epileptics, antiseptics, β-blockers, lipid regulators, hormones and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories at trace levels in edible animal tissues. The procedure involves deproteination and...
Essential oils (EOs) are valuable natural products that are popular nowadays in the world due to their effects on the health conditions of human beings and their role in preventing and curing diseases. In addition, EOs have a broad range of applications in foods, perfumes, cosmetics and human nutrition. Among different techniques for analysis of EOs, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is...
A new, simple, fast and high sensitive analytical method based on dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for the simultaneous determination of nitro musks in surface water and wastewater samples is presented. Different parameters, such as the nature and volume of both the extraction and disperser solvents and the ionic strength and...
Biological materials generally require stabilization to retain activity or viability in a dry form. A number of industrial products, such as vaccines, probiotics and biopesticides have been produced as dry preparations. The same methods and materials used for stabilizing commercial microbial products may be applicable to preserving biothreat pathogens in a dry form. This is a likely step that may...
A fast, simple, inexpensive, sensitive, efficient and environmental friendly direct ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DUSA-DLLME) procedure has been developed to concentrate five nitroaromatic explosives from water samples prior to quantification by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An efficient ultrasonic probe has been used to radiate directly the samples...
In this study, functionalized polysulfone membrane has been utilized as a sorbent for the extraction of chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs) in water samples. Two different functionalized polysulfones (i) phosphonic acid functionalized polysulfone (PPSU-A) with different forms (cross-linked and non cross-linked) membranes and (ii) phosphonic ester functionalized polysulfone (PPSU-E) with different forms...
The uncertainty evaluation associated with the quantification of tar from gasification of sewage sludge is present. Each of the sources of uncertainty associated with the wet type sampling method and GC–MS analysis was identified to determine the critical stages of the analytical methodology in order to reduce them. The study shows that major contributions to the overall uncertainty are related to...
A solid phase extraction method (SPE) using Isolute ENV+ cartridges was validated for the determination of ethyl carbamate (EC) in different kinds of vinegars. The method proved to be quite sensitive, precise and accurate, improving the recovery and LQD of other existing methods for the same purpose. For the optimization of the method, different pH values of the sample were tested, resulting 5.5 the...
Eight phenolic acids (vanillic, gentisic, protocatechuic, syringic, gallic, coumaric, ferulic and caffeic) were quantitatively determined in 30 commercially available wines from South Moravia by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Raw (untransformed) and centered log-ratio transformed data were evaluated by classical and robust version of principal component analysis (PCA). A robust compositional...
This paper describes a new approach for the determination of monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic and tricarboxylic acids (35 compounds) in water. The analytes, in acid medium (pH ∼1.3), were sorbed on an 80mg LiChrolut EN–Supelclean ENVI-18 (1:1) column and subsequently eluted with methanol. After evaporation of the extract to ∼10μL, the analytes were spiked with 60μL of the derivatising reagent and derivatised...
A fully automated microextraction by packed sorbents (MEPS) coupled with large volume injection gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the determination of eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental water samples. Naphthalene (Nap), pyrene (Pyr), anthracene, acenaphthylene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene (Flr), fluorene and acenaphthene were the PAHs studied...
A simple, rapid and reliable method was proposed for the simultaneous determination of 27 pesticides (organophosphorus, organochlorine, pyrethroid and carbamate pesticides) in Radix astragali. The pesticides were extracted by acetonitrile and the experimental variables, such as temperature, extraction time and volume of acetonitrile, were optimized through orthogonal array experimental design. Cleanup...
A method based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) combined with a pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) to determine four organophosphates, seven phthalate esters and bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate in particulated material of harbour air samples has been developed. Some studies show that these compounds may cause hormone disrupting effects on human health. Moreover, the U.S. Environmental Protection...
A sensitive and reliable method was developed for the determination of volatile components emitted from cut tobacco processing using thermal desorption (TD) followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In the work, to obtain the optimal sorbent, three commercial sorbents were compared in terms of adsorption efficiency. The carbotrap 349 was found to have the best performance. The desorption...
A method based on headspace solid phase microextraction with a new fiber, coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of NDELA in cosmetic samples. The fiber provides Lewis acid–base interaction between its surface and analyte functional groups. The fiber was prepared by grafting aluminum tri-tert-butoxide on the surface of a fused silica. The optimization...
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