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The binding of cadmium to a fulvic acid (FA) extracted from peat was studied as a function of pH (4-8), ionic strength (0.01 and 0.10 M NaNO 3 ) and ratio of fulvic acid to metal ion concentrations (FA/Cd=8, 4, and 2). An overall complex formation function of approximately 10 3.14 was determined to enable comparison with previous studies. Additionally, literature values...
A capacitively coupled microwave plasma (CMP) operating at 800 W was examined for the direct determination of cadmium in solids. The laboratory-constructed system contained a tungsten cup electrode capable of holding microsample quantities. A low-powered plasma was used to heat the sample, while at higher powers the plasma was used for sample vaporization and excitation. This plasma enabled thermal...
A study of the transport of Cd 2+ ions through a tri-n-octylamine(TOA)--sorbital monooleate (Span 80)--oxylene liquid membrane has been performed with varying concentrations of HCl, KI, TOA, Span 80 and NaOH in the feed, membrane and stripping solutions. Maximum transport was observed at 0.01 M KI, 0.025 M HCl, 0.015 M TOA, 3% (w/v) Span 80 and 0.025 M NaOH. With this system, cadmium...
A rapid and simple general complexometric method was presented for the determination of lead, cadmium and thallium or mercury or arsenic(V) in laboratory synthesized mixtures similar to those of some ores, minerals and alloys of such metals. The precision and accuracy attainable in successive titrations of Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ and Tl 3+ or Hg 2+ or AsO...
The preconcentration and recovery of lead and cadmium traces at ng 1 -1 level were evaluated in standard solutions and natural aqueous samples using a FIAS (Flow Injection Atomic Spectrometry) apparatus. The method is based on retention of the complex formed between Pb or Cd and 1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-benzendisulphonic acid (Tiron) on a macroporous anion-exchange resin. The recovery of the...
A method has been described for the direct determinations of trace cadmium using derivative atom trapping flame atomic absorption spectrometry with an improved water-cooled stainless steel trapping equipment. The characteristic concentration (gave a derivative absorbance of 0.0044) and detection limit (3σ) of cadmium were 0.028 and 0.02 ng ml -1 when collecting for a 1 min, respectively,...
Cadmium (II) ion-catalyzed degradation of ampicillin in methanol at 20 o C has been studied. It has been observed that the rate values tend to saturate when the concentration of ampicillin or the metal ion is increased. The results obtained in the present study suggest that ampicillin degradation occurs through the formation of a 1:1 (SM) and 2:1 (S 2 M) ampicillin-metal complexes...
This paper attempts to link the kinetics of Cd and metallothionein turnover in the intertidal marine snail Littorina littorea. The results demonstrate that the turnover of metallothionein is tissue dependent. Metallothionein has an estimated half-life of 69 and 160 days in the gills and kidney, respectively. The half-life could not be calculated for metallothionein in the digestive gland and is...
A new azoamino reagent amido black diazoaminoazobenzene (ABDAB) has been synthesized, and found to be a good chromogenic reagent for cadmium. In pH 10.4 Na 2 B 4 O 7 NaOH buffer solution cadmium reacts with ABDAB to form an orange-red chelate (1:2), exhibiting an absorption maximum at 520 nm. The apparent molar absorptivity is 1.62x10 5 l mol -1 cm ...
A laboratory constructed molybdenum tube atomizer was used for direct determination of trace cadmium in drug samples by the electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric (ETAAS) method. An ultrasonic agitation method for a solution including the sample powder was used. A calibration curve was constructed with a cadmium standard solution including matrix. To eliminate interference from other matrix...
Three chemical modifiers ((NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , and Pd as Pd(NO 3 ) 2 ) were evaluated for the determination of Cd in acid-digested solutions of hair and blood using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry in a tungsten coil atomizer (TCA). All modifiers caused some thermal stabilization of Cd when compared to the behavior...
In this work it was evaluated the determination of Cd and Pb in mussels by tungsten coil electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (TCA-AAS). A critical and comprehensive study of the effects caused by Pd, Mg, ascorbic acid, and binary mixtures of these compounds on the atomization of Cd and Pb in acid digested solutions of mussels was performed. Palladium and mixtures containing it were useful...
A procedure for lead, cadmium and copper determination in coal samples based on slurry sampling using an atomic absorption spectrometer equipped with a transversely heated graphite tube atomizer is proposed. The slurries were prepared by weighing the samples directly into autosampler cups (5-30 mg) and adding a 1.5 ml aliquot of a diluent mixture of 5% v/v HNO 3 , 0.05% Triton X-100 and 10%...
Methods for the direct determination of copper and cadmium in seawater were described using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GFAAS) equipped with a transversely heated graphite atomizer (THGA) and a longitudinal Zeeman effect background corrector. Ammonium nitrate was used as the chemical modifier to determine copper. The mixture of di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate and ammonium nitrate...
A reservoir type of optode is described for simultaneous and remote determination of Cd and Zn using [9-(1',4',7',10',13'-pentaazacyclopentadecyl)methylanthracene] as the fluorophore. Simultaneous analysis was achieved by the significant perturbation in the fluorescence spectrum of the Cd-ligand complex while the Zn complex only results in enhancement in the fluorescence intensity as compared to ligand...
A stable chelating resin matrix was synthesized by covalently linking o-aminophenol (o-AP) with the benzene ring of the polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin, Amberlite XAD-2, through a -N N- group. Elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and infrared spectra have characterized the resulting chelating resin. It has been used to preconcentrate Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ , Co ...
A rapid, sensitive, accurate and precise flame atomic absorption method is described for the determination of cadmium in mussels. The method is based on the continuous precipitation of cadmium as an ion pair between tetraiodocadmate and quinine and dissolution of the precipitate with ethanol. The metal can be preconcentrated 32-fold using 15 ml of sample solution by using a time-based technique at...
Potential response of cadmium(II) ion selective electrode based on cyanocopolymer matrices and 8-hydroxyquinoline as ionophore has been evaluated by varying the amount of ionophore, plasticizer and the molecular weight of the cyanocopolymer. The sensitivity, working range, response time, and metal ions interference have shown a significant dependence on the concentration of ionophore, plasticizer...
An aqueous two-phase system of tetrabutylammonim. bromide (TBAB) and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 mixture is proposed for the selective extraction of trace Cd 2+ from large amounts of Co 2+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ and Zn 2+ . Transparent two-phase system is prepared by mixing 3 ml of 1.0 mol/l TBAB, and 2 ml of sample solution and...
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