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Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) of nitrate and chlorate in swimming pool water are described. Nitrate and chlorate were determined simultaneously with an indirect detection method in an electrolyte containing 10 mM chromate and 0.1 mM cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Where chloride concentration was so high that nitrate could not be determined satisfactorily because of interference, a direct...
This paper reports an investigation on optimal separation and detection for animal prostaglandins, i.e. prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and thromboxane B 2 (TXB 2 ) by capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect detection at 254 nm. It was found that the addition of 3 mmol l -1 phosphomolybdic acid in 5 mmol l -1 chromate buffer can lower the detection...
A comparative study of MT isoforms in rat liver and in commercial Sigma MT preparations from rabbit liver and horse kidney was performed using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Electropherograms revealed the co-migration of MT forms from these species. A special form, the a-form (not binding Cd), occurred in various MT samples in different amounts, depending on the method used for MT purification...
Metallothionein (MT) isoforms of mouse liver cytosol were separated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using a polyacrylamide-coated tube at neutral pH, samples prepared from non-treated, heat-treated, and ethanol-precipitated specimens were compared. The liver was homogenized in three kinds of media, 0.25 M sucrose containing 100 mM Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.4 (BS), BS containing 1% ascorbic...
Separation and determination of thorium, uranium and mixed rare-earth elements (RE) as their 2-(2-arsenophenylazo)-1,8-dihydroxyl-7-(4-chloro-2,6-dibromophenylazo)-napht halene-3,6-disulfonic acid (DBC-As) complexes by capillary electrophoresis is presented in this paper. The pre-column derivitization conditions are discussed. Some separation parameters such as pH value, type of carrier electrolyte,...
An HPLC method employing an ion exclusion column was developed for the determination of low molecular weight organic acids in soil solution. The method includes extensive sample pretreatment using ultrafiltration and cation exchange. The method showed linear calibration graphs (r>0.99) and the limits of detection in the range 0.1-26 μM. The recovery of eleven added acids ranged from 89 to 102%...
The complexing properties of the sub-isoforms of several mammalian Zn-containing metallothioneins (ZnMT) from different origins (rat, rabbit and human foetal livers) have been investigated by capillary zone electrophoresis coupled to diode array detection (CZE-DAD). MTs were submitted to three different experiments: gradual additions of Cd to MT at pH 8.0, variation of the pH and addition of Cd followed...
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) was used to study metallothionein (MT) isoforms and non-MT components in the horse kidney MT preparation produced by Sigma. This technique was found to be well suited for studies of such forms. The non-MTs are heat resistant, they do not bind metal, but comigrate with MT in the various systems generally used for MT isolations. These forms may cause discrepancies...
The electrophoretic mobility of silica nanospheres was shown to be a function of separation conditions such as pH and phosphate concentration of a carrier electrolyte. The separation selectivity can be controlled by the separation conditions and optimised depending on the sample composition. The effects of pH and phosphate concentration of buffer solutions on the nanosphere electrophoretic mobility...
This study demonstrates the separation of active ingredients in acne formulations (salicylic acid, cloramphenicol and resorcinol in presence of azulene) by capillary zone electrophoresis. Factors affecting their separations were the buffer pH and concentration, applied voltage, sample preparation, and presence of additives. Optimun results were obtained with a 50 mM sodium tetraborate-50 mM sodium...
A fast capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method, using dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin (DM-β-CD) as modifier, has been developed for the determination of three flavonoids (quercetin (QU), kaempferol (KA) and isorhamnetin (IS)) in the Chinese herbal extract from Hippophae rhamnoides and its medicinal preparation (Sindacon tablet). Optimum separation was achieved with 20mM borate buffer at pH 10.0 containing...
o-Nitrophenol, m-nitrophenol, and p-nitrophenol could well be separated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) by only adjusting the run buffer with methanol. Efficiency up to 10 5 theoretical plates per meter was achieved. The effects of several important factors were investigated to find optimum conditions. The linear range, regression equation, and the recovery were given. This method...
A method of quickly determining ascorbic acid and sorbic acid by capillary zone electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection was developed. The choice of background electrolyte, wavelength, injection time and applied voltage were discussed. Ascorbic acid and sorbic acid were well separated in 80mmolL −1 boric acid–5mmolL −1 borax (pH = 8.0) in 5min at the detecting wavelength of 270nm...
A capillary electrophoresis method has been developed for the separation and determination of terbinafine (TER) in various pharmaceutically relevant matrices. Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separation and UV absorbance photometric detection were carried out in a 160mm capillary tube with a 300μm i.d., hydrodynamically (membrane) closed. The influences of pH, carrier cation and counterion on...
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with UV detection (254nm) was applied to characterize aquatic dissolved humic matter (DHM) from different environmental sources (lake, river and sea waters, in all 15 different samples). A series of separation examples of DHMs using a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-coated silica open tubular capillary were carried out in a phosphate buffer (40mM) as a background electrolyte...
A rapid and reliable capillary zone electrophoresis method for the determination of inorganic cations was developed. The complete separation of K + , Ba 2+ , Ca 2+ , Na + , Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cd 2+ , Li + and Cu 2+ can be achieved in 4min with a simple electrolyte composed by 10mM imidazole as the carrier buffer and...
In this paper, capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection (CZE–AD) was firstly applied to the simultaneous separation and determination of nitroaniline positional isomers. The three analytes could be perfectly analyzed by using the buffer of extreme pH. The effects of several important factors were investigated to find optimum conditions. A carbon-disk electrode was used as working...
The possibility to apply charged chiral selector as buffer additive in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) on-line coupled with capillary isotachophoresis (CITP) was studied. Enantioseparations and determinations of trace (ng/ml) antihistaminic drugs [pheniramine (PHM), dimethindene (DIM), dioxopromethazine (DIO)] present in samples of complex ionic matrices (urine) served as model examples. A negatively...
Three machine learning techniques including back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN), radial basis function artificial neural network (RBF-ANN) and support vector regression (SVR) were applied to predicting the peptide mobility in capillary zone electrophoresis through the development of quantitative structure–mobility relationship (QSMR) models. A data set containing 102 peptides with...
In this paper, a polyamide-modified carbon paste electrode in capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection (CZE–AD) was firstly applied to the determination of four carbamate pesticides: fenobucarb, isoprocarb, metolcarb and carbaryl. The four carbamates were hydrolyzed in alkalescent aqueous solutions, resulting in the formation of 2-sec-butylphenol, 2-isopropylphenol, m-cresol and...
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