Increased oxidative stress, hypofibrinolysis and insulin resistance are present in obese Type 2 diabetic patients. It is supposed that treatment with antioxidant alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) could not only decrease free radical production, but also ameliorate insulin action. We evaluated the effect of 3 months administration of vitamin E (600 mg daily) on insulin action examined by hyperinsulinemic clamp in 11 obese Type 2 diabetic patients. Oxidative stress and fibrinolysis were also determined. The administration of vitamin E caused a decrease of glucose disposal rate (26.6+/-9.5 vs 21.3+/-7.5 μmol/kg/min, P<0.02) and of metabolic clearance rate of glucose (3.7+/-1.6 vs 2.9+/-0.8 ml/kg/min, P<0.02). A decrease of insulin receptor number was observed on erythrocytes after vitamin E (284+/-84 vs 171+/-59 pmol/l, P<0.01). Significantly higher plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration documented an increased oxidative stress in diabetic patients as compared with healthy persons (3.13+/-0.68 vs 1.89+/-0.18 μmol/l, P<0.001). An inverse relationship was found between MDA concentration and insulin sensitivity expressed by glucose disposal rate (r=-0.73). Vitamin E further worsened the hypofibrinolysis documented by a decrease of tissue plasminogen activator (P<0.01) without changes in its inhibitor PAI-1. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that higher doses of vitamin E may further deteriorate insulin action and fibrinolysis in obese Type 2 diabetic patients.