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The angular and energy distributions of backscattered electrons for the primary energies of 0.2, 0.5 and 1keV and for Cu and Au were calculated by Monte-Carlo method and compared to measurement. The elastic differential cross-sections were calculated by ELSEPA code. For inelastic scattering a modified Tougaard's model of universal cross-section was used. We fit inelastic mean free path (IMFP) obtained...
This paper reports on the preparation and characterization of CrBN nanocomposite coatings for low friction, low wear and high thermostability applications. Sputtered CrBN thin films were prepared in order to obtain a composite structure consisting of hard CrB 2 and CrN crystallites as well as hexagonal BN lubricant phase by unbalanced magnetron sputtering (UBM) of a CrB 2 target in...
We performed a study of the diffusion of Ag and Au atoms in polyethyleneterephtalate (PET). Thin metal layers were deposited using a diode-sputtering technique on polymer foils at room temperature. Simultaneous post-deposition annealing and plasma treatments were used to induce metal–polymer intermixing. Rutherford back-scattering spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to determine...
We present the relationship between parameters of reactive RF diode sputtering from a zinc oxide (ZnO) target and the crystalline, electrical and optical properties of n-/p-type ZnO thin films. The properties of the ZnO thin films depended on RF power, substrate temperature and, particularly, on working gas mixtures of Ar/O 2 and of Ar/N 2 . Sputtering in Ar+O 2 working gas...
In some fields of physics the systems consisting of individual objects are studied. One of the most important tasks of image analysis of such systems is the quantitative characterization of the degree of objects arrangement. For the description of spatial distribution of objects several morphological methods are typically used. However, the interpretation of derived characteristics is often difficult...
Gold nanostructured thin-film electrodes (250nm) were formed by using radio frequency (RF) diode sputtering, bias sputtering and ion etching. Biosensors based on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) film immobilized at the gold surface were prepared by double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) adsorption. The behaviour of the DNA layer was investigated by using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with the DNA marker...
This paper describes the influence of a co-catalyst on growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by alcohol catalytic chemical vapour deposition (ACCVD) method. Silicon wafers covered with thermal oxide or polycrystalline diamond thin film were used as substrates. Ni thin film supported with Al, Cu or Ti was used as a catalyst. The films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition technique. Comparison of the...
Reactivity of deposited tungsten towards TiO 2 (110) surface was studied using synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (both core levels, valence band and resonant photoemission) on Materials Science Beamline at ELETTRA. W depositions carried out at room temperature on TiO 2 (110) surface give rise to an interfacial reaction which leads to a metastable situation due to kinetic...
In this article we report on results obtained using a newly developed self-consistent fully 3D Particle-In-Cell code for modelling of plasma–solid interaction.The model presented here involves a hollow cylindrical chamber opened to the plasma, with a thin cylindrical guard at the inlet and a strong external magnetic field limiting access of charged particles to the cylindrical wall. This model layout...
Thin tin-oxide (SnO x ) films were deposited by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) and exposed to hydrogen plasma. The influence of such treatment on the films properties was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS)...
Morphological and electrical properties of composite films were studied and compared by a computer experiment. Voronoi tessellation was used for morphological characterization of the structures. The tunnel effect was the basic mechanism in electrical simulations performed.
The interest in metal nanocrystals is focused on their nonlinear optical properties, as they are expected to have a large third-order nonlinear susceptibility. In order to explore the possibility of tuning the size and shape of metal nanocrystals, we implanted gold into fused silica substrate. The implantation energy was 1.1MeV and doses were of 1, 3, and 6×10 16 ions/cm 2 . All samples...
The interface structure and the adhesion of direct current (DC) sputtered Ti/Ni/Ag thin film metallization on n + Si substrate has been investigated. It is shown that beside the chemical preparation of the Si surface prior to sputtering also thermal annealing of sputtered metal structure has strong influence on the adhesion of sputtered layers to the silicon. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy...
The study of the wettability in a liquid metal—solid surface system is of great technological interest for industrial processes like soldering and brazing, as well as for fundamental research in the field of diffusion, chemical reaction and formation of intermetallic phases.For the characterization of these processes the so-called contact angle between the liquid droplet and the solid substrate is...
In this study quenched and tempered AISI 5115 steel was plasma-nitrided and nitrocarburized at 550°C for 5h in atmospheres of 80% N 2 balanced with various amounts of CO 2 and H 2 gases. The amount of CO 2 varied from 0 to 10vol%. The highest amount of ε phases was formed in the compound layer after treating in atmosphere containing 7vol% CO 2 . Optimized compound...
Initial stages of surface erosion have been studied for NaCl and LiF single crystals bombarded by Ar + ions with 20keV. For irradiation with doses D=10 10 –10 11 ions/cm 2 , exoelectron emission has been used, whereas for higher doses, we have used electron microscopy. Two stages of initial surface erosion have been identified; for small doses, there is slow development...
A method for producing ordered carbon nanopillar arrays is presented. The method is based on ion irradiation through a small anodic porous alumina membrane, resulting in carbon deposition within the centers of the pores on a gold covered SiO2/Si substrate. Samples were irradiated by 4MeV Cl2+ ions with fluences of 1015–1016ions/cm2. The combined use of pick’n place positioning of the small porous...
In this study, we combined the traditional vacuum furnace with a sur-high accuracy vacuum gauge for measuring the change of gas pressure in the furnace as a function of temperature. The modified vacuum furnace was used for preparing silicon carbide (SiC), and the recorded data named thermobarogram were applied to detect the reaction temperature for synthesis of SiC, which, in particular, changes as...
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