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The results of modification of industrial steels processed by pulsed plasma streams with an energy density of incident plasma in the range of 10-30J/cm 2 , ion energy up to 2keV, plasma density (1-3)x10 14 cm -3 and pulse length 2-5μs are presented in this paper. The structure and properties of modified surface layers have been investigated. Formation of austenite,...
The injection of nitrogen ions into pure titanium has been performed by the plasma-based ion implantation with a negative voltage of 10kV, pulse width of 10μs and a repetition rate of 100Hz. The ESCA/AES analysis indicates the nitrogen deposition with a peak at 27nm from the surface and the formation of TiN. The dissolution current density of the implanted samples was decreased about two orders of...
The SnO 2 -Fe 2 O 3 double-layer thin films have been fabricated onto silicon and ceramic substrates by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) technique. A small amount of PdO is coated over the surface of SnO 2 thin films to improve their gas-sensing properties to CO. The surface morphologies and the structures of the oxide thin films have been investigated...
Implantation, utilizing self-amorphizing phosphorus ion (n + layer) or amorphizing fluorine with subsequent boron ions (p + layer), for fabrication of n + -p and p + -n junctions, respectively, have been simulated and performed. Additionally, silicon surface layer modification using different methods has been investigated to reduce light reflection and to improve light...
An ion beam treatment of a high-silicon aluminum alloy (Al-30Si) is performed by the irradiation of a proton intense pulsed ion beam (IPIB) which has the ion energy of 180keV, the ion current density of 460A/cm 2 , and the pulse duration of 65ns. The EPMA analysis shows the dispersion of small eutectic silicon crystals and the erosion of the boundary of large primary silicon crystals by repeated...
For the purpose of developing a rapid direct nitriding process to produce aluminum nitride layer without melting or vaporizing of aluminum during operation, nitridings of aluminum and aluminum alloy by using supersonic expanding nitrogen plasma jets were carried out. Nitride layer could not be formed on the substrate in the case of nitrogen gas, though the supersonic expanding plasma jets had enough...
Plasma immersion ion implantation is a relatively new surface treatment process which offers considerable flexibility to modify the properties of a very wide range of materials. Here we discuss the use of the technique as a means of reducing the sliding friction and improving the galling resistance of stainless steel, via a combined plasma-immersion ion assisted deposition (PIAD) method for DLC. Its...
This paper presents a study of the influence of nitrogen and titanium ion implantation on the friction coefficient, wear and microhardness of steel. N + and Ti + implantations were carried out at the chosen ion doses 1-6x10 17 ions/cm 2 and the energy of 180keV. The tribological properties for implanted nitrogen steel have shown remarkable improvement since the...
The results of the development of the high-frequency method in combination with a vacuum arc one for surface coating and surface modifications with pulsed plasma streams are presented. The combined method was applied for deposition of multi-layer coatings with a reduction of droplet formation and decrease of the substrate temperature. It provided metal and dielectric coatings under the substrate temperature...
In order to develop an easy and rapid elements-doped diamond film synthesis process, as a basic study, rapid diamond film deposition using combustion flame CVD and nitriding of the diamonds using supersonic expanding nitrogen plasma jets were carried out. The supersonic expanding plasma jets can be used as low-temperature plasma jets with high chemical reactivity due to supersonic adiabatic expansion...
Carbon doped titanium nitride (TiN) films were prepared on a stainless-steel (304SS) substrate using both techniques of dynamic ion mixing and N 2+ ion irradiation in an ethylene gas atmosphere. The composition and structure of the films were measured by analyzer of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The Knoop hardness and friction coefficient of the films were measured...
A systematic study was carried out to characterize the effects of argon atomic beam irradiation and low-energy argon ions in plasma for polystyrene (PS) surface modification. The PS samples were exposed to a 1.5keV, argon atomic beam from a fast atomic source (FAS) at different exposure times. The low-energy (1.5eV) argon plasma ions were achieved in a two-stage RF discharge and PS samples were exposed...
Biodegradable plastics can be used as conventional plastics, while on disposal they decompose to water and carbon dioxide by microorganisms existing in natural environment. Products using biodegradable plastics have recently been developed in many companies pursuing ecology. In this study, surface modification of biodegradable plastics was carried out by inert ion beams for improvement of photo deterioration...
Periodic submicron cylindrical structures (SCS) produced in a single pulse treatment of silicon single crystal by supersonic compression plasma flow have been studied. The nitrogen quasistationary plasma flow generated by magnetoplasma compressor is used for modification of Si (100) surface. SCS have been analyzed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy....
TiO2 film were deposited by atmospheric thermal plasma chemical vapor deposition (TPCVD) method to investigate the rapid process for functional film deposition. The experiment was conducted under the condition where working gas was Ar, working gas flow rate was 20l/min, deposition distance was varied from 30 to 200mm and spraying time was 10min. Ethanol diluted titanium tetra buthoxide was used as...
We report here the surface modification of Al alloy (AlFe 1.8 Zn 0.8 ), by energetic ion streams emitted from 2.3kJ Mather type dense plasma focus device. The samples placed at different axial and angular positions above the anode tip are irradiated for 30 shots under the optimum focusing conditions. The treated samples are analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) to investigate the...
The results of the surface treatment of commercial aluminum by nitrogen ion implantation at 120keV and implanted fluences ranging from 3×l0 17 to 1.1×10 18 ions/cm 2 are reported. The treatment was found to lead to the formation of the hexagonal phase AIN, a decrease in strain and an increase of crystallite sizes. The modification of the surface layer so produced was thought...
We present experimental methane production yields for H + , H2+,H3+,andD2+ ions incident on ATJ graphite in the energy range 10–250eV/H. Below about 60eV/H, the molecular H species give higher methane yields/H when compared with isovelocity H + , similar to our earlier measurements for incident deuterium atomic and molecular ions. For both D and H atomic and molecular projectiles,...
The surface morphology, and chemical/structural modifications induced during chemical sputtering of ATJ graphite by low-energy (<200eV/D) deuterium atomic and molecular ions are explored by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Raman and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) diagnostics. At the lowest impact energies, the ion range may become less than the probe depth of Raman and AES spectroscopy diagnostics...
Making the angle of a hair clipper blade edge acute improves its cutting ability but causes the edge to be susceptible to wear, resulting in decreased cutting service life. An enhancement of blade edge hardness of hair clippers by various surface modifications has been studied to increase their wear resistance. Ion nitriding method formed a thick nitrided layer on the mother material surface. PVD...
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