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The onset of a vortex penetration into a hard isotropic superconductor after the rotation of an applied magnetic field H is theoretically studied. On the basis of the Gibbs formalism, macroscopic equations describing this process are derived. Different magnetic prehistories are considered. It is shown that vortices entering into a sample are not parallel to the direction of H. The angle between the vortices and H can be unexpectedly large and reach π/2.
All-Russian Electrical Engineering Institute, 12 Krasnokazarmennaya Street, 111250 Moscow, Russia Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, 12 Acad. Proskura Street, 310085 Kharkov, Ukraine
All-Russian Electrical Engineering Institute, 12 Krasnokazarmennaya Street, 111250 Moscow, Russia Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, 12 Acad. Proskura Street, 310085 Kharkov, Ukraine