Measurements are reported for charged hadron and inclusive jet transverse momentum (pT) spectra in pp and PbPb collisions at a nucleon–nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV with the CMS detector. These measurements make use of the high-statistics jet-triggered data recorded in 2011, including the total available PbPb luminosity of 150μb−1. Charged particles are reconstructed using an iterative algorithm and spurious high-pT tracks are suppressed by requiring appropriate energy deposits in the calorimeter system. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kT algorithm, using combined information from tracking and calorimetry. The charged particle pT distributions are measured in the pseudorapidity range of |η|<1, and pT up to 100 GeV/c. The jet pT distributions are measured in the pseudorapidity range of |η|<2, and pT from 100 to 300 GeV/c. The nuclear modification factors, RAA, for charged hadrons and jets are presented as a function of pT and collision centrality. In the range pT=5–10 GeV/c the charged hadron production in PbPb collisions is suppressed by up to a factor of seven, compared to the pp yield scaled by the number of incoherent nucleon–nucleon collisions. The charged hadron RAA increases at higher pT and approaches a value of approximately 0.5 in the range pT=40–100 GeV/c for the most central collisions.