In developing countries, woodfuels (fuelwood and charcoal) can contribute 50–90 percent of all household energy and contribute up to 8 percent of total household income. This demand for woodfuels is largely driven by 40% of the world’s population dependant on solid fuels (primarily fuelwood) to meet their daily household cooking energy requirements. Absent major policy changes and sustained effort, the total number of households dependent on woodfuels is not expected to decline significantly by 2030. Efficient and sustainable management of forest resources for energy is thus essential in order to alleviate the negative environmental and social impacts that might arise from woodfuel extraction. However, long term management requires a deeper understanding of the local resource and the particular fuel collection habits of local populations. Yet, research on fuelwood collection patterns is limited, both in scale and depth. Previous studies on fuelwood collection locations have relied on self-reported data or large-scale analyses. Research on actual measured distance, location, or time required for collection is limited, particularly spatially explicit measures of collection. We add to this literature and fill the gap by applying home range analysis, typically used for movement of wildlife, to human fuelwood collection patterns in India. We track households using GPS loggers in five villages across three districts in India to cover a range of topography, forest resources, fuelwood demand and socio-demographics. We use the minimum convex polygon to map Resource Collection Polygons (RCP) at each of the five villages. We find that fuelwood collection is not evenly spread out among villages with distances for collection varying by the quality of forest resources available, nature of farm crops that can substitute for wood from forests, and also by certain socio-economic characteristics. Our research could be a base to build upon for further, more detailed analysis, and applied to understand other human behaviors such as food and water collection.