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Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and several candidate gene polymorphisms have been implicated in the regulation of this process. One of the most widely studied is the Sp1 binding site polymorphism in the COL1A1 gene. This polymorphism has been associated with BMD and osteoporotic fracture in several studies, but the data from different studies have been conflicting...
We hypothesized that estrogen deficiency induces changes in bone vascularization which might be involved in bone loss mechanisms. First, we studied gene expression of angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2)) and vasodilator (endothelial nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), PTH-related protein (PTHrP), and its receptor...
The aims of the present study were to investigate how changes in the cumulative dose and the frequency of dosing influence the short-term antiresorptive efficacy of oral ibandronate treatment and whether serial measurements of bone markers could provide a useful diagnostic tool for the revelation of noncompliance to established treatments with antiresorptive drugs. Study participants were 200 healthy...
Exercise in youth may affect bone ''quality'' as well as quantity. Using the rat model, 1.5-month-old females were divided into four weight-matched groups, exercised short-term (6 weeks, E s , n = 20) and long-term (14 weeks, E L , n = 10) by access to monitored running wheels, and corresponding ''sedentary'' controls (S S short-term, n = 20; S L long-term, n = 10)...
Collagenous proteins other than Type I have received little attention in hypogonadal bone loss. Using femora from 25 young (2.5 months) and older (11 months) control and ovariectomized adult rats killed 1-4 months postoperation, cancellous atrophy was histologically confirmed, and the immunolocalization of collagen Type III was examined. This occurred as numerous immunofluorescent Sharpey-like fibers,...
Regulation of the balance of osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity is critical for the understanding of normal cell biology and forms the basis of metabolic bone diseases. Our study reports about influences of age and gender on serum levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its association to other clinical parameters of bone metabolism in a precisely determined cohort of 1134 healthy subjects at 17 Austrian...
Receptor activator of nuclear factor (RANK) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily indispensable for osteoclast differentiation. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of RANK expression. In the present study, RANK expression during macrophage/osteoclast differentiation was investigated using a human myelomonocytic cell line, HL60, capable of differentiating...
We used both clonal osteoblast-like cells and primary calvarial osteoblastic cells to examine the role of Hedgehog in osteoblast biology. Primary osteoblasts and several clonal osteoblast-like cell lines express Indian hedgehog (Ihh), and genes encoding both components of its receptor, patched (Ptc) and smoothened (Smo). Moreover, Ihh is relatively increased in phenotypically mature clonal cells and...
Bone hybrids made of bioceramics seeded with mesenchymal or osteoblastic cells are very promising alternatives to autologous bone graft. Along this line, the development of in vitro models, dedicated to analyze the influence of these biomaterials on osteogenic cells, will help to improve the performance of these bone substitutes. In the present work we analyzed the effects of a macroporous biphasic...
This study sought to develop an in vivo gene therapy to accelerate the repair of bone fractures. In vivo administration of an engineered viral vector to promote fracture healing represents a potential high-efficacy, low-risk procedure. We selected a murine leukemia virus (MLV)-based retroviral vector, because this vector would be expected to target transgene expression to the proliferating periosteal...
Skeletal unloading results in an inhibition of bone formation associated with a decrease in osteoblast number, impaired mineralization of bone, and altered proliferation and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells. Although such changes are likely to be mediated by multiple factors, resistance to the growth-promoting action of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has been hypothesized to play an...
The purpose of this cohort study was to focus on factors associated with bone mass and structure of lower limbs and physical performance after menopause. Eighty nonsmoking women with a mean age of 62.1 (SD 0.8) years participated in the study. They were classified into two groups by their use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), either the current users (n = 43) or the never or discontinued users...
The objective was to quantify the outcome of osteoporosis (OP) in terms of health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) and cost of ambulatory care and to look at the association between these two outcomes variables. A cross-sectional health survey of 4800 Belgian individuals over the age of 45 years was used. Individuals having reported OP were retrieved and for each of them, at least two matched individuals...
We examined the osteoclastogenic potential of murine bone marrow cells that were fractionated according to their expression of the surface antigen CD45R. Osteoclast-like cells (OCL) with many authentic osteoclast characteristics readily formed in purified CD45R + murine bone marrow cell cultures after treatment with receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and M-CSF. Ovariectomy...
The etiologic role of dietary calcium and vitamin D intake in primary prevention of osteoporotic fractures is uncertain, despite considerable research efforts. With the aim to examine these associations with an improved precision, we used data from a large population-based prospective cohort study in central Sweden. We estimated nutrient intake from a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire...
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