Commercially pure titanium was sandblasted with SiO 2 particles of 200–300μm in diameter. It was found that the sandblasted samples exhibited an increase in fatigue strength by 11% over that of the untreated samples. The peak subsurface compressive residual stress produced by sandblasting was measured by XRD to be around 480MPa. Three distinct regions were observed in the sandblasted samples, namely the severely deformed surface layer, the region deformed mainly by twinning, and the substrate. After recovery treatment below 300°C, the surface layer of the sandblasted samples was transformed into a nano-crystalline structure, and its corrosion resistance was significantly improved.