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Recent studies have demonstrated that grain boundary triple junctions are crystal defects with specific thermodynamic and kinetic properties. In this study we address the energy of triple lines. Previously, a geometrical model was proposed to determine the grain boundary line tension. The current study introduces a thermodynamically correct approach which allows direct and precise measurement of the...
The present paper aims at stating when and why small grains transform to large grains during Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGSe) film growth following three-step processes. Experimental observations revealed that such recrystallization is achieved when the nominal composition of the films is close to a 1:1:2 stoichiometry. A new model based on grain boundary migration theory is proposed in order to establish...
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