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Concerns about the pollution associated to the sulfur content of fuels have stimulated the search for new alternative technologies to the classical hydrodesulfurization process. The use of ionic liquids to remove sulfur compounds from hydrocarbons by solvent extraction is the object of ongoing research. Most of the publications in this front, however, present two serious drawbacks: they are not based...
The effect of low concentrations of methyl linoleate on the autoxidation of squalane (2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23 hexamethyltetracosane) was investigated at temperatures 100 to 170°C as a chemical model of the effect of biodiesel on the degradation of hydrocarbon lubricants during use. Below 158±5°C, methyl linoleate behaves as a pro-oxidant, whilst above 158°C, it inhibits alkane autoxidation. This change...
The paper summarises 25years of experience with pulse flow calorimetry (PFC) as a method to assess the potential of coals to spontaneously heat up using the values of oxidation heat q 30 (Wkg −1 ). During the period, about 300 coals of various rank and with natural moisture content were investigated, the maximum propensity to oxidation being found in subbituminous coals with moisture...
The environmental and energy policies in most nations worldwide aim at replacing fossil fuels with renewable sources of energy. The use of wood pellets made from sawdust is rapidly increasing. Wood pellets are a refined compacted fuel with high energy density and low emissions during combustion. Sawdust and wood pellets may be stored for several months due to seasonal demand variation and wood-fuel...
The influence of temperature and time on the formation process of solid deposits after accelerated degradation of mineral diesel (B0) and a biodiesel blend (diesel/rapeseed methyl ester blend (B20)) is studied in model experiments. We show that the formation of deposits strongly depends on the temperature to which the fuel is exposed. Heat-treatment of the fuel samples at above 140°C for longer than...
Conversion of pyrolysis oil to hydrocarbons has been successfully performed under high hydrogen pressure in the presence of hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) catalysts at high heat. The high hydrogen pressures utilized are a more expensive application than for a lower hydrogen pressure. Development of a modified HDO method utilizing lower pressure hydrogen with the potential for reduction of hydrogen consumption...
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