The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
Natural gas engine particle emissions were studied using an old gasoline engine modified to run with natural gas. The tests were steady-state tests performed on two different low loads in an engine dynamometer. Exhaust particle number concentration, size distribution, volatility and electric charge were measured. Exhaust particles were observed to have peak diameters below 10nm. To get the full picture...
The paper presents a comparison between Pulverized Coal Fly Ashes (PCFA) and Spreader Stoker Coal Fly Ashes (SSCFA) by analyzing their chemical, mineralogical and physical characteristics. PCFA have been recognized as being valuable industrial by-products and many research studies have been published on their characteristics, properties and utilizations. On the contrary, relatively little is known...
The Paleogene lacustrine marlstone is an important source rock for giant oil fields found in Eastern China, which presently has become a main exploration target for tight oil resources. However, seldom studies have been conducted on possible variations in geochemical features of lacustrine marlstones during on-going burial process as well as the thermal evolution. Hydrous pyrolysis experiments were...
The cold start issue has been a problem in diesel engines. Thus, in the present research, the diesel fuel flow and macroscopic spray characteristics over a wide fuel temperature range were investigated to provide valuable insights for solving the cold start problem. An injection system including a common-rail and a fuel supplier was designed to control the fuel temperature from 243K to 313K. For the...
Tar removal is one of the major challenges in implementation of biomass gasification technology. Syngas tars causes formation of aerosols and soots, which plug filters, reactors and fuel lines. In this study, a char-derived catalyst was tested in removal of tar produced from pyrolysis of kraft lignin in a pyroprobe reactor. The effects of reaction temperature (700, 800 and 900°C), water amount (5–10μl),...
Crude oil samples contain several types of contaminants including metalorganic compounds, sulfur containing compounds and sediments. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was used for the direct determination of S, Ca, Fe, Ni and V in crude oils, enabling a fast and reliable method that avoids complex sample preparation. Crude oil samples were homogenized and 20μL of a diluted sample (1/1...
The dielectric properties of Shanxi anthracite and Shandong bituminous coals in China are investigated in the low-terahertz (THz), W-band of frequency from 75GHz to 110GHz for the first time. In this frequency range, the complex dielectric constant of coal samples is obtained using the free space method. It is found that both the real parts of the dielectric constant for bituminous and anthracite...
In this paper, effects of ash-forming temperature on recycling property of bottom ashes obtained from combustion of rice straw and rice husk were investigated. Ash solubility and element solubility were chosen for representing recycling property and they were determined based on the measurement of element content using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF). Results show that water solubilities of...
A skeletal reaction mechanism of n-heptane combustion is developed and validated. The axisymmetric laminar co-flow diffusion flames of n-heptane/oxygen are simulated using the skeletal mechanism at elevated pressure, and the chemical reaction paths in three reaction zones of flame are presented. The n-heptane/oxygen flame height decreases from 8.8 to 5.6mm with the increase of pressure from 0.1 to...
To upgrade Indonesian lignite with high moisture content for generating quality gasification fuel, NaCl was used to improve the permittivity of this lignite, thus enhancing microwave dewatering rate. The dielectric loss factor of lignite with 2.34wt% NaCl increased from 0.190 to 0.311 at 2.45GHz; as a result, the conversion of electromagnetic energy to thermal energy increased by 64%. Furthermore,...
Injection of CO2 into depleted oil reservoirs can result in incremental oil recovery to help offset the cost of CO2 storage. This paper presents a thorough study of the effects of nitrogen on CO2 minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) for CO2 storage in depleted oil reservoirs. Nitrogen diluted CO2 MMPs for 55 model oil samples were calculated using the Peng–Robinson Equation of State (PR EOS) in the...
Dry beneficiation of fine coal is increasingly significant for the clean utilization of coal resources in drought regions. In this paper, a continuous vibrated gas-fluidized bed separator was developed for fine coal dry beneficiation. The fluidization behavior and the kinematic properties of fine coal particles in this separator were systematically investigated. The results show that the bed expansion...
Numerous studies have focused on the utilisation of alcohol fuels because of the energy crisis. However, the combustion efficiency and stability of alcohol fuels are unacceptable. This study proposed an ejecting combustion method for utilising methanol-mixed fuels and numerically investigated the characteristics of adaptive air distribution in an ejector burner. The geometrical parameters of the ejector...
Diesel and water emulsions have the potential to be used in compression ignition engines to control the emissions of NOx and PM. Very little is known about the influence emulsification will have on the fuel sprays formed during injection. This paper outlines the measurement of the momentum flux of injection sprays of Diesel fuel and Diesel fuel emulsions containing 10% and 20% water, with the goal...
The present research work explores biodiesel production from one of the novel non-edible feedstocks viz. Cyprinus carpio fish oil. Production of biodiesel from this oil was successfully performed through base-catalyzed transesterification assisted by a co-solvent. Hexane and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were chosen as the co-solvent and the catalyst, respectively. The experimental parameters included...
Gas and particle emissions from co-firing coal and two types of biomass versus coal was evaluated in a circulating fluidized bed boiler operating with a constant energy input. Compared to coal, co-firing 50% oat hulls (by weight) significantly reduced the emission of particulate matter (PM) by 90%, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) by 40%, metals by 65%, and fossil carbon dioxide by 40%. In contrast,...
Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy is used to measure how the speciation of sulfur compounds evolves within a warm-mix asphalt as a consequence of the Rolling Thin-Film Oven (RTFO) and Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV) oxidative aging procedures. Identifying the types of sulfur compounds present is important for quantifying the growth in polar sulfur-containing species...
It is essential to reduce emissions from the existing vehicles, in order to preserve the environment. In this study, Karanja oil derived biodiesel generated particulates emanating from a medium-duty transportation diesel engine fitted with a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) were characterised. Regulated gaseous emissions, particle size–number distributions, elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon...
A series of supported Ni/Mg/Al catalysts with Ni loadings of 3–18wt% were prepared from Ni–Mg–Al layered double hydroxides and tested for the CH4–CO2 reforming. The influence of Ni loading on the catalyst activity and stability was studied. It is found that the catalyst activity increased with increasing the Ni loading. However, the CO disproportionation became significant as the Ni loading increased...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.