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Slagging and fouling mechanisms in high temperature solid fuel conversion processes are usually related to the presence of mineral components in the fuel. These mineral components can be extraneous particles or organically bound to the fuel. Both types will be released during the combustion or gasification process. The released mineral particles are diverse and can undergo certain transformation mechanisms...
The non-catalytic reforming of natural gas to syngas was studied with test runs at the semi-industrial scale test plant HP POX. The product gas composition, and gas and wall temperatures across the reactor were considered at 50, 60 and 70bar(g), while the reactor temperature was varied between 1200 and 1400°C. In addition, the flame structure was studied using optical measurements. The experiment...
A new and highly efficient solid sampling method was developed for fast direct multi-element analysis in coals using electrothermal vaporization as sample introduction system for inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ETV-ICP OES). With ETV coupled to ICP OES it is possible to analyze trace and major elements simultaneously in whole coal samples with a minimum effort of sample preparation...
German lusatian brown coal was gasified in a laboratory scale fluidized-bed type reactor using CO 2 as gasification agent. The experiments were carried out at temperatures of 800, 850, 900 and 950°C. The raw brown coal was first pyrolyzed in a way to minimize the volatile matter content in the resulting char. Then the char was used to study the Boudouard reaction (C+CO 2 =2CO) with...
A kinetic model of hydropyrolysis was developed based on the Chemical Percolation Devolatilization (CPD) network devolatilization model, considering the hydrogenation reactions of active species and fragments produced during the decomposition of the coal structure with hydrogen. Light gas compositions were calculated and the yields of oxygen-containing species were corrected. The calculation results...
To achieve energy security in an environmentally benign way, China has to convert a significant fraction of its abundant coal resource to clean fuels (liquid fuels or synthetic natural gas, SNG) to meet the fast increasing demand on transportation fuel and municipal gas. Following the successful operation of the 4000bbl/d Yitai and Luan coal-to-liquids plants using the medium temperature Fischer Tropsch...
This paper presents the results of a recent low rank coal 850MW class IGCC (“Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle”) feasibility study for the 50Hz market. The study aimed to position the Transport Integrated Gasification (“TRIG™”) technology for power generation in the China market where coal gasification has been widely practiced. It assumed a mine mouth project in eastern Inner Mongolia, China...
Oxy-fuel IGCC is a concept of new coal fueled power generation with CO 2 capture capability without large penalty on thermal efficiency. It is estimated that thermal efficiency will attain 44% at lower heating value, LHV along with 99% CO 2 capture capability. An imperative issue to be solved to realize this concept is to reconcile pre-combustion sulfur removal and retaining the inorganic...
Agglomeration in fluidized beds begins locally by the sticking of slag–liquid-covered particles. Analysis of the composite fuel is not adequate in predicting agglomeration problems. Separation of the high rank Pittsburgh seam coal into particle classes based on specific gravity (SG1: <1.3g/cm 3 ; SG2: 1.3–1.6g/cm 3 ; SG3: 1.6–2.6g/cm 3 and SG4: >2.6g/cm 3 ) and...
Numerical model of coal gasification in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) using Eulerian–Lagrangian approach is presented in this paper. The Dense Discrete Phase Model (DDPM) model of ANSYS FLUENT is used to simulate the flow of the particulate phase in the coal gasifier. The coal particles, with a size distribution, are tracked in the fluid velocity field including coupling between the phases. Kinetic...
This paper reports the development of a catalytic gasification process to gasify low rank coals to produce FT-suitable synthesis gas in a single direct step using K 2 CO 3 as a catalyst and a mixture of steam and CO 2 as a gasifying agent. A small laboratory scale continuous catalytic gasification unit was developed and experiments were carried out at 700°C. Effect of CO ...
Small-scale fixed-bed coal and biomass gasifiers represent an attractive option for distributed combined heat and power generation. As known, gasification phenomena are very complex, involving drying, devolatilization, pyrolysis, heterogeneous and homogenous reactions, with a large number of intermediate and final products. Gasification processes are also influenced by reaction kinetics and fluid-dynamical...
Lignite drying in methane atmosphere is a potential approach to utilize moisture in lignite as a feedstock for H 2 production via steam reforming of methane. In this paper, experiments on drying and moisture re-adsorption properties of Huolinhe lignite in nitrogen and methane were carried out in a fixed-bed apparatus and thermogravimetric analyzer to investigate the effect of drying temperature,...
In this work advanced gasification models of four Australian coals were calibrated using laboratory-scale experiments with the aim of extrapolating these information for simulating large-scale gasification processes using CFD. In particular, the four studied coals, ranging from semi-anthracite to sub-bituminous, were extensively characterized using high-pressure bench and laboratory scale techniques...
Sotacarbo is currently developing several research projects to optimize a coal and biomass gasification process for small- and medium-scale power generation and hydrogen production. To achieve this goal, between 2007 and 2008, Sotacarbo built a flexible pilot platform in its Research Centre in the Serbariu former coal mine (Sardinia, Italy), which is still very much into operation. The platform includes...
Integration of solvent deasphalting and asphaltenes gasification has been reported as a convenient alternative to coker based upgrading of bitumen, derived from oil sands. However, very limited work has been carried out on pyrolysis and gasification of asphaltenes at entrained flow conditions. The present study aims at addressing this gap, and provides a better understanding of the major intermediate...
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