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Isomerization studies have been carried out to improve the physical properties of tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene (THTCPD), which has been attracting attention as a liquid fuel for aviation and military use. However, there have been few studies on heterogeneous catalysts for environmentally friendly process until now. In this study, the isomerization activities over various alumino-silicate catalysts...
The composition of 28 oil samples from Wenchang and Enping formations of Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB) was characterized and emphasis was placed on compositional variations in the gasoline range (i-C5H12-n-C8H18). The light hydrocarbons (LHs) were sensitively determined by gas purge microsyringe extraction (GP-MSE) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and GC-flame ionization...
The elliptical orifice diesel nozzle has potential beneficial for improving spray and air-fuel mixing quality, which has great impact on combustion and emission performances for diesel engine. This paper presents experimental studies on the macro spray characteristics and the mechanism of axis-switching for elliptical and circular orifice diesel nozzles with same cross section area, with biodiesel...
The current energy industry relies heavily on fossil fuels. As reserves of fossil fuels are diminishing, the demands for alternative forms of energy are growing. Therefore, the search for alternative fuels is crucial. This article discusses pyrolysis gases generated from major plastics as possible future successors to fossil fuels. The novelty of this study lies in the comprehensive discussion of...
In recent years, the Flory-Huggins-Zuo Equation of State (FHZ EoS) has been utilized to treat asphaltene gradient data in many oilfield reservoirs. The FHZ EoS employs asphaltene species from the Yen-Mullins model consisting of molecules, nanoaggregates and clusters of nanoaggregates; the specific species used depends primarily on the concentration of asphaltenes but also on the asphaltene stability...
The present study focuses on the experimental investigation on the optimal pilot injection strategy under GCI combustion mode in a multi-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine. Three experiments were conducted at a high-speed high-load operating point with different operating parameters and emission targets, namely engine-out NOx target, fuel injection pressure, and main injection timing. The engine-out...
The liquid-phase processes occurring during fuel droplet combustion are important in deciding the behaviour of the overall combustion process, especially, for the multicomponent fuel droplets. Hence, understanding these processes is essential for explaining the combustion of the multicomponent fuel droplet. However, the very fast combustion of the too small fuel droplet makes experimental investigation...
Large shale oil resources were recently been found in lacustrine organic-rich shale with strong heterogeneity, however, few studies have been conducted to examine their oil contents, resulting in considerable risks in lacustrine shale oil exploration. The Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation (P2l) shale in Jimusaer Sag is a typical lacustrine deposit with strong heterogeneity, and its shale oil resource...
A highly active catalyst Keggin type POM-based inorganic-organic compound POM@MOF-199@LZSM-5(PMZ) has been prepared and applied in the catalytic oxidative desulfurization system. Structure and properties of catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM),...
In this paper the lignin gasification by using water in supercritical was studied. The employed lignin was produced via steam explosion of Arundo Donax after alkaline extraction and filtration. The lignin, with a total solid content of about 4 wt% in a solution of sodium hydroxide which confers to the solution a pH of about 11, was fed in a continuous PFR bench scale reactor able to operate at supercritical...
A heuristic methodology to estimate higher heating values (HHV) based on a statistic tools, in particular, hierarchical cluster analysis, is disclosed in this paper. The correlation has been studied using data available in other documents, and as test samples were used biomasses from open sources or also from previously published works. The aim is to offer another fast and simple way to access the...
Particle size distributions are measured at the exhaust of a passenger-car diesel engine burning a Sulphur-free diesel oil. Different operating conditions of loads and engine speed, representative of low-loads are analyzed.Particles with sizes ranging from few nanometers up 1 µm are generated during diesel combustion. Operating conditions strongly affect the size distribution of the particles but...
This study investigated the use of a mixture of n-hexane and methanol as a binary solvent for the direct oil extraction and resin separation from Calophyllum seeds, in a single step. Optimal oil and resin yields and physicochemical properties were determined by identifying the best extraction conditions. The solvent mixture tested extracted oil and resin effectively from Calophyllum seeds, and separated...
This paper developed an integrated system of Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) with Wet Electrostatic Precipitator (WESP) for simultaneous removal of NO and SO2. In view of practical application, the effects of some key factors such as peak-peak voltage (Vp-p), O2 and H2O contents on the simultaneous removal of NO and SO2 were systematically investigated. The results indicated that, in single DBD...
Improving the fluidity of waxy oil with different pour point depressants (PPDs) at low temperature is of great technical and economic interest. In the present work, a nanocomposite pour point depressant (NPPD) which was developed based on melt blending of organically modified montmorillonite and ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer has been investigated systematically. The microscopic properties...
The presence of foam in the petroleum industry causes many problems in gas-liquid separators and its complete elimination, by employing a silicon-free defoamer agent, poses a significant challenge. In this research, a series of high molar masses polyethers was synthesized using different epoxide monomers (1,2-propylene oxide PO, 1,2-butylene oxide BO, 1,2-hexylene oxide HO and 1,2-dodecylene oxide...
In this paper we discuss the potential use of (Fe3O4@SiO2-SO3H) nanoparticle catalyst for the dehydration of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). A magnetically recoverable (Fe3O4@SiO2-SO3H) nanoparticle catalyst was successfully prepared by supporting sulfonic acid groups (SO3H) on the surface of silica-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The prepared catalyst was characterized by FTIR, TGA, XRD,...
The release behavior of sodium (Na) from sawdust during air and oxy-fuel combustion was investigated based on temporal detection, thermodynamics and kinetic study. The results indicated that the Na release behavior was significantly affected by the reaction temperature and combustion atmosphere. On the whole, the total release percentage of sodium in oxy-fuel environment was inferior to that in air...
The effects of reservoir heterogeneity and anisotropy were quantified through the cyclic CO2-Assisted Gravity Drainage (GAGD) process performance in a heterogeneous multi-layering sandstone reservoir. First, an integrating workflow of multiple-point geostatistics (MPS) and Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGSIM) was adopted for the lithological and petrophysical modeling to capture the fluvial depositional...
A study was conducted to compare gasoline with the addition of 5% by volume of biodiesel (GB05) to 100% neat diesel using the multiple injection strategies in a gasoline compression ignition (GCI) engine. The engine was tested at 1200 rpm using 70 MPa of injection pressure and multiple injections, which consisted of a pilot injection at the 350-degree crank angle before top dead center (°C A BTDC)...
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