The operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir has caused great changes of the inflow process in the Lower Yellow River e.g. duration of small flow became longer, and probability and number of days of large and medium floods occurrence decreased. Under this inflow condition, the river bed evolution of the Lower Yellow River has presented new characteristics. On the basis of analysis of inflow change in the Lower Yellow River, and through analysis of observed data of historical fluvial process, this paper makes a period-by-period calculation and analysis of long-term fluvial process in the reach between Beijing-Guangzhou Railway Bridge and Huayuankou in the Lower Yellow River, and based on this, discusses the problems existing in the current river training works in this reach, and presents suggestions on further carrying out of river training works construction.