The creation of a theoretical model and institutions for “abnormal childhood” was a relevant issue in various areas (medical and educational) in the first decades of the XXth century. In 1910, the first “official” attempt was carried out with the creation of the Patronato Nacional de Sordomudos, Ciegos y Anormales, and in 1925 with la Escuela Central de Anormales, devoted to these patients. Internment of infants in Spanish asylums was carried out amongst polemic and structural deficiencies. The Internal Regulation of the National Asylum of Leganés (1873 and 1885) established different departments for childhood; however, in reality, there is no evidence of an actual separation being carried out. In the Internal Regulation of 1941, the department disappeared, despite that from the Dirección General de Sanidad, all psychiatric institutions were obliged to have separate pavilions for children.Analyze the hospital admissions of children in the national asylum of Leganés.Study the regulation regarding admission of children.Children internment in the Asylum of Leganés is analyzed (1852–1952), and compared with other Spanish asylums (SPSSv21). State documents regarding institutionalization of minors are reviewed.During 1852–1952, this Asylum admitted 96 children under 18 (mainly epilepsy and oligofrenia), without any specific pavilion for them. Other institutions, such as Valladolid did have separate pavilions.Children were admitted in Spanish asylums although the Jefe de la Sección de Psiquiatría de la Dirección General de Sanidad in 1943 denounced that few institutions followed the regulation of having separate pavilions.