Many children suffer from urinary incontinence, frequency and urgency due to an overactive bladder (OAB). Standard urotherapy is the first line therapy, but anticholinergic drugs are often needed as a supplement. For the drugs available the effect is variable and side-effects quite common. In this study the short-term efficacy and safety are reported for propiverine, a drug registered for use in children for many years in Germany and Czech Republic.30 children, age 5-10 years (md age 7.1), 18 male, 12 female with OAB were enrolled in an open non randomized, dose-escalating, multicentre study. The study was primarily conducted to evaluate pharmacokinetic characteristics in children of this age. Safety and efficacy data were also registered and are reported in this presentation. Patients were divided into three treatments-group and received oral propiverine hydrocloride (5mg,10mg,15mg twice daily). The drug was administered for a period of 14 days.Drug-related side-effects were few and not severe. However, in the highest dose-group accommodation disturbances were quite common (6/10). All children reported benefit from the treatment, except 4 patients in the lowest dose group. Average number of micturitions decreased from baseline-1.7, -2.2 and -2.3 for the three dose-groups. Median voided volume increased in all dose-groups with change from baseline of about 18, 28 and 54 ml. Also a reduction in the average number of incontinent episodes was seen with -0.3, -0.7 and -0.8 episodes in a change from baseline for the three dose-groups.The anticholinergic drug propiverine is effective in the treatment of OAB in children in doses of10 mg two times daily and is correlated with few side-effects