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Ruthenium-doped yttrium gallium garnet single crystals were grown from a PbO/PbF 2 /B 2 O 3 flux. Most samples are blue, occasionally green, orange or lemon yellow, depending upon the growth temperature and the amount of a divalent or tetravalent counterion. A spectroscopic study was carried out using several complementary techniques (optical absorption, MCD, and EPR). Low...
Ruthenium can easily be incorporated into Bi 12 SiO 20 (BSO) and an unusually high (1.3cm −1 ) photorefractive gain was measured in the diffusion regime with a krypton laser at 647nm. One particular experiment demonstrated that electron and hole gratings could eventually be formed with different time constants, thus leading to a reduction of the gain. Several complementary...
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